Le nucléaire en Chine

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 04 déc. 2020, 19:51

La Chine active son Tokamak HL-2M.

https://www.boursorama.com/actualite-ec ... fbf9526afe


Image
HL-2M Tokamak, the artificial sun, in Chengdu of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province Photo: Courtesy of China Atomic Energy Authority

https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1209009.shtml

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 02 janv. 2021, 10:29

suite de ce post du 1er janvier 2018 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 8#p2264168
China starts building second CFR-600 fast reactor

29 December 2020

Construction work has started on the second CFR-600 sodium-cooled pool-type fast-neutron nuclear reactor in Xiapu County, in China's Fujian province. Also known as the Xiapu fast reactor demonstration project, the CFR-600 is part of China's plan to achieve a closed nuclear fuel cycle.

Construction of unit 1 started in late 2017. The fuel will be supplied by TVEL, a subsidiary of Russia's Rosatom, according to an agreement signed in 2019 with CNLY, which is part of China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC).

CNNC has announced that construction of unit 2 started on 27 December, adding that excavation work at the site had begun exactly a year before. Since then, "the scale of engineering work, tight schedule, construction difficulties and other adverse conditions" were all overcome to achieve the target as planned, it said.

"All the construction workers will continue to do a good job with the demonstration fast reactor project in order to achieve the historical mission of the [Communist] Party to achieve China's historic transformation into a nuclear industrial power making an ever greater contribution!"

China's research and development on fast neutron reactors started in 1964. A 65 MWt fast neutron reactor - the Chinese Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR) - was designed by 2003 and built near Beijing by Russia's OKBM Afrikantov in collaboration with OKB Gidropress, NIKIET and the Kurchatov Institute. It achieved first criticality in July 2010, can generate 20 MWe and was grid connected in July 2011. Core height is 45 cm, and it has 150 kg Pu (98 kg Pu-239). Temperature reactivity and power reactivity are both negative.

The CFR-600 demonstration fast reactors (CDFR) are the next step in China Institute of Atomic Energy's (CIAE) programme. Xiapu 1 is expected to be grid connected in 2023. The reactors will be 1500 MWt, 600 MWe, with 41% thermal efficiency, using MOX fuel with 100 GWd/t burn-up, and with two sodium coolant loops producing steam at 480°C. Later fuel will be metal with burn-up 100-120 GWd/t. Breeding ratio is about 1.1, design operational lifetime 40 years. The design has active and passive shutdown systems and passive decay heat removal.
https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Arti ... st-reactor

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 09 janv. 2021, 14:28

La nouvelle centrale de San'ao est en début de construction. Coulage de la dalle du réacteur 1. Les projets de réacteurs 1 et 2 ont étés approuvés par les autorités.
Construction of new Chinese power plant begins

04 January 2021

The first safety-related concrete has been poured for the nuclear island of unit 1 at the San'ao nuclear power plant in Zhejiang province, China General Nuclear (CGN) has announced. A total of six Chinese-designed Hualong One pressurised water reactors are planned for the site.

In May 2015, the National Energy Administration approved the project to carry out site protection and related demonstration work. On 2 September last year, the executive meeting of the State Council approved the construction of units 1 and 2 as the first phase of the plant. China's National Nuclear Safety Administration issued a construction permit for the two units on 30 December. At 9.30am the following day, Yuan Jiajun, secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress, issued a construction start order and a ceremony was held to mark the official start of construction of unit 1.

This project marks the first Chinese nuclear power project involving private capital, with Geely Technology Group taking a 2% stake in the plant. CGN holds 46% of the shares of the project company Cangnan Nuclear Power, with other state-owned enterprises holding the remainder.

CGN Chairman and General Manager Yang Changli said the company "will use the strength of the entire group to give full play to the advantages of more than 30 years of continuous nuclear power construction and the construction experience of the Hualong One, carry out the political responsibility for nuclear safety, and work with all participating units to build the San'ao nuclear power project into a quality project".

In September, China's State Council also approved the construction by China National Nuclear Corporation and China Huaneng Group of two Hualong One reactors as the second phase - units 3 and 4 - of the Changjiang plant in Hainan province. Construction of those two units has yet to start.

The approvals for the new units followed a slowdown in conventional large-scale nuclear power project approvals in recent years. Eight new reactors were approved in 2015, but only the construction of a demonstration fast reactor was permitted between 2016 and 2018. Three projects were agreed in early 2019.

With the official start of construction of unit 1 of the San'ao plant, CGN now has seven nuclear power reactors under construction with an installed capacity of 8.21 GWe. It currently has 24 units in operation, with an installed capacity of 27.14 GWe.
https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Arti ... ant-begins

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 03 avr. 2021, 10:54

La construction de l'unité 3 de Changjiang commence. C'est un réacteur Hualong One.
L'unité 4 démarre 10 mois aprés.
Construction starts on second phase of Changjiang plant

31 March 2021

First concrete has been poured today for the basemat of unit 3 at the Changjiang nuclear power plant in China's Hainan province. The move came after the National Nuclear Safety Administration issued a construction licence to China Huaneng Group for the construction of units 3 and 4 at the site. The Hualong One units will be the first large pressurised water reactor project in which Huaneng will hold a controlling stake.

Image
A rendering of how the Changjiang site could appear on completion of phases I and II (Image: China Huaneng)

Two Hualong One units will be built as phase two - units 3 and 4 - of the Changjiang plant by state-owned China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) and China Huaneng Group. This follows the signing of an agreement between the two companies in June 2019, through which they will jointly invest in the development, construction, operation and management of two Hualong One reactors at Changjiang. Huaneng will hold a controlling 51% stake in the project through its subsidiary Huaneng Nuclear Power Development Company.

China's State Council approved the construction of the two units on 2 September last year. The issuance of the construction permit by the National Nuclear Safety Administration cleared the way for construction to begin on unit 3. The construction period is expected to be 60 months. Construction of unit 4 is scheduled to start in 10 months. Both units are due to enter commercial operations by the end of 2026.

CNNC and Huaneng are also cooperating in phase one of the Changjiang plant (which comprises two CNP-600 pressurised water reactors), the Shidaowan HTR-PM project (a demonstration high-temperature gas-cooled reactor in Shandong province) and the 600 MWe demonstration fast reactor at Xiapu, Fujian province. For phase 1 of the Changjiang plant, CNNC has a 51% stake and Huaneng the remaining 49%. In July last year, CNNC announced the launch of a project to construct an ACP100 small modular reactor at the Changjiang site.

China Huaneng Group was formed from the State Power Corporation in 2002 as one of five major generators, and it has about 138 GWe in operation, none of it as yet nuclear. It has formed links with both CNNC and China General Nuclear. It is an independent state-owned but incorporated business entity focused on power generation. China Huaneng is the fourth Chinese central enterprise to obtain qualification for nuclear power development.
https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Arti ... Changjiang

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 14 mai 2021, 16:02

suite de ce post du 11 Aout 2020 ou Tianwan 5 était branché au réseau. : http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 0#p2307530

Les chinois branchent le réacteur 6 de Tianwan au réseau.
China grid-connects Tianwan 6

12 May 2021

Unit 6 at the nuclTianwanear power plant in China's Jiangsu province was connected to the grid for the first time yesterday, according to the China Nuclear Energy Association. The milestone - at 8.27pm local time - marked the unit's entry into the grid-connected commissioning phase.

Units 5 and 6 at Tianwan - Tianwan Phase III - both feature ACPR1000 reactors. First safety-related concrete was poured for unit 5 on 27 December 2015, with that for unit 6 poured on 7 September 2016. Tianwan 5 entered commercial operation in September last year and unit 6 is scheduled to enter commercial operation by the end of this year.

Grid-connection of unit 6 potentially heralds the start of construction this month of unit 7. On 29 April, Ma Mingze, director and general manager of China Nuclear Power, said that the schedule in its contract with Russia's Rosatom anticipates construction of units 7 and 8 in May this year.

The Tianwan plant is owned and operated by Jiangsu Nuclear Power Corporation, a joint venture between CNNC (50%), China Power Investment Corporation (30%) and Jiangsu Guoxin Group (20%).
https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Arti ... -Tianwan-6

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 02 juin 2021, 00:51

suite de ce post du 4 dec 2020 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 6#p2312976
China Boasts Successful Nuclear Fusion

By Irina Slav - May 31, 2021

Chinese media have reported that researchers working on a nuclear fusion project have succeeded in holding plasma of 120 million degrees Celsius for close to two minutes.

Chinese daily Global Times reports that the so-called artificial sun as the Chinese nuclear fusion project is known also succeeded in maintaining plasma at 160 million degrees Celsius for 20 seconds.

These times, while not very long in absolute terms, are records in the quest for nuclear fusion. The next step would be to maintain these temperatures for as long as a week, according to a physics professor from the Southern University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen.

China’s nuclear fusion reactor first made headlines in 2019 when Beijing said it would soon begin operations. The reactor—the HL-2M Tokamak—was first powered at the end of last year, and its first achievement was maintaining a temperature of 100 million degrees Celsius for 100 minutes.
https://oilprice.com/Alternative-Energy ... usion.html

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 05 juin 2021, 10:28

Suite de 2 posts au dessus, Tianwan 6 entre en service commercial.
Tianwan 6 enters commercial operation

03 June 2021

Unit 6 of the Tianwan nuclear power plant in China's Jiangsu province has entered commercial operation, having successfully completed a 100-hour continuous operation test run at full power. Tianwan 6 becomes China National Nuclear Corporation's (CNNC) 24th reactor in commercial operation, increasing the company's installed generating capacity from 21.391 GWe to 22.509 GWe (gross).

Image
Workers in the control room of Tianwan 6 (Image: CNNC)

The 1080 MWe (net) domestically-designed ACPR1000 pressurised water reactor was connected to the electricity grid on 11 May. Since then, the unit has undergone tests at 30%, 50% and 100% of its generating capacity before entering a full-power demonstration operating assessment. Tianwan 6 completed the full-power test run at 10.06pm yesterday, CNNC announced today.

Units 5 and 6 at Tianwan - Tianwan Phase III - both feature ACPR1000 reactors. First safety-related concrete was poured for unit 5 on 27 December 2015, with that for unit 6 poured on 7 September 2016. Tianwan 5 entered commercial operation in September last year.

According to CNNC, the output from the two units of Tianwan Phase III will avoid the burning of 5.17 million tonnes of standard coal per year, cutting CO2 emissions by 13.6 million tonnes and sulphur dioxide emissions by 44,100 tonnes. This, it says, is equivalent to planting 34,000 hectares of trees.
.................
https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Arti ... -operation

la suite du site c'est Tianwan 7 et 8 à entrer en service en 2026 et 2027.

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 10 juin 2021, 17:20

suite de ce post du 29 avril 2019 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 9#p2283359
China approves construction of demonstration SMR
07 June 2021

The construction of a demonstration ACP100 small modular reactor (SMR) at Changjiang in Hainan province has been approved by China's National Development and Reform Commission. The multi-purpose 125 MWe pressurised water reactor (PWR) - also referred to as the Linglong One - is designed for electricity production, heating, steam production or seawater desalination.

China National Nuclear Power (CNNP) - a subsidiary of China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) - announced the approval in a 4 June notice to the Shanghai Stock Exchange. It said the Hainan Changjiang Multi-purpose Small Modular Reactor Technology Demonstration Project is owned by CNNC Hainan Nuclear Power Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of CNNP, and adopts the Linglong One small nuclear reactor technology of the company's controlling shareholder, CNNC.

"The small reactor demonstration project is of great significance to promote the safe development and independent innovation of nuclear power," CNNP said. It did not say when construction of the demonstration ACP100 is scheduled to begin, nor when it is due to be commissioned.

CNNC announced in July 2019 the launch of a project to construct an ACP100 reactor at Changjiang. Under development since 2010, the ACP100 integrated PWR's preliminary design was completed in 2014. The major components of its primary coolant circuit are installed within the reactor pressure vessel. In 2016, the design became the first SMR to pass a safety review by the International Atomic Energy Agency.

The ACP100 was identified as a 'key project' in China's 12th Five-Year Plan, and is developed from the larger ACP1000 PWR. The design, which has 57 fuel assemblies and integral steam generators, incorporates passive safety features and will be installed underground. In 2016, China announced plans to build a demonstration floating nuclear power plant based on the ACP100S variant of the CNNC design.

The demonstration ACP100 plant would be located on the north-west side of the existing Changjiang nuclear power plant, according to a March 2019 announcement from China's Ministry of Environment. The site is already home to two operating CNP600 PWRs, while the construction of the first of two Hualong One units began in March this year. Both those units are due to enter commercial operation by the end of 2026.
https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Arti ... R-approved

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 16 juin 2021, 00:02

Image

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par LeLama » 17 juin 2021, 11:21

Difficile de savoir ce qui se passe a Taishan. Les chinois disent que c'est pas grave, avec juste qq pbs mecaniques usuels dans les reacteurs. D'autres disent que les pbs actuels sont le signe d'une situation potentiellement critique. Y'a evidemment des interets chez certains a tuer l'epr, tandis que les chinois ont interet a cacher les pbs. Donc comme pour les vaccins, tres difficile de prendre les infos au premier degré sans savoir par qui elles sont émises car y'a beaucoup de sousous en jeu. J'ai aucun avis sur la question et je suis preneur de toute info.

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 17 juin 2021, 16:35

LeLama a écrit :
17 juin 2021, 11:21
Difficile de savoir ce qui se passe a Taishan. Les chinois disent que c'est pas grave, avec juste qq pbs mecaniques usuels dans les reacteurs. D'autres disent que les pbs actuels sont le signe d'une situation potentiellement critique. Y'a evidemment des interets chez certains a tuer l'epr, tandis que les chinois ont interet a cacher les pbs. Donc comme pour les vaccins, tres difficile de prendre les infos au premier degré sans savoir par qui elles sont émises car y'a beaucoup de sousous en jeu. J'ai aucun avis sur la question et je suis preneur de toute info.
Il est questions de légères fissures sur les crayons de combustible. L'origine du problème est pas encore bien identifiée.

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 14 juil. 2021, 08:26

suite de ce post du 10 juin 2021 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 6#p2320806

Début de construction du premier SMR en Chine.
The World’s First Small Nuclear Reactor Is Now Under Construction

By Charles Kennedy - Jul 13, 2021

China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) launched on Tuesday the construction of the first onshore small nuclear reactor in the world, in its efforts to gain a leading position in the modular reactors market.

Construction began on the demonstration project at the Changjiang Nuclear Power Plant in the Hainan province in southern China, local publication Global Times reports.

The start of the construction for the ‘Linglong One’ small nuclear reactor comes four years later than initially planned, due to delays in regulatory clearances, Reuters notes.

The small reactor was originally planned to see the start of the construction phase in 2017.

A year earlier, the Linglong One small reactor had become the first to pass a safety review from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

Once completed and commissioned, the small nuclear reactor is expected to meet the annual power needs of around 526,000 households, Global Times reports, without giving a timeline for the completion.

CNNC has been developing small reactor technology for the past ten years, the outlet says.
........................
https://oilprice.com/Latest-Energy-News ... ction.html

Ce réacteur est construit sur un site déjà nuclearisé :
.............
The demonstration ACP100 plant is being built on the north-west side of the existing Changjiang nuclear power plant, according to a March 2019 announcement from China's Ministry of Ecology and Environment. The site is already home to two operating CNP600 PWRs, while the construction of the first of two Hualong One units began in March this year. Both those units are due to enter commercial operation by the end of 2026.

CNNC announced in July 2019 the launch of a project to construct an ACP100 reactor at Changjiang. Under development since 2010, the ACP100 integrated PWR's preliminary design was completed in 2014. The major components of its primary coolant circuit are installed within the reactor pressure vessel. In 2016, the design became the first SMR to pass a safety review by the International Atomic Energy Agency.

The preliminary safety analysis report for a single unit Changjiang demonstration plant was approved in April 2020. Final approval for the construction of the plant was given by China's National Development and Reform Commission in early June this year.

The project at Changjiang involves a joint venture of three main companies: CNNC subsidiary China National Nuclear Power as owner and operator; the Nuclear Power Institute of China (NPIC) as the reactor designer; and China Nuclear Power Engineering Group being responsible for plant construction. Construction time is expected to be 58 months. For the demonstration plant, the reactor vessel is being supplied by Shanghai Boiler Works Limited, the steam generators by a CNNC subsidiary and other reactor internals by Dongfang Electric Corporation.
https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles ... ration-SMR

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 17 juil. 2021, 11:52

La Chine lance les travaux de son laboratoire d'étude de stockage géologique profond. Sous le désert de Gobi.
China starts building underground lab

21 June 2021

Construction of the Beishan Underground Research Laboratory has begun near Jiuquan City in China's Gansu province, the China Atomic Energy Authority (CAEA) has announced. The laboratory - which will be situated in granite up to 560 metres below ground level in the Gobi desert - will be used to test the suitability of the area for the long-term storage of the high-level radioactive waste.

Image
The Beishan laboratory will comprise a spiral ramp, three vertical shafts and horizontal disposal galleries (Image: CAEA)

A ground-breaking ceremony was held at the Beishan site on 17 June. Among those attending the event were representatives of CAEA, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Gansu Province, Jiuquan City, Subei County, China National Nuclear Corporation, China Uranium Company Limited and Beijing Geological Research Institute of the Nuclear Industry.

"This will be the world's largest underground laboratory with the most comprehensive functions and the widest participation," CAEA said. "It will provide an important scientific research platform for the construction of a deep geological repository for high-level radioactive waste, speed up the process of safe disposal of high-level radioactive waste, and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of the nuclear industry."

The Beishan Underground Research Laboratory was one of 100 major scientific construction projects listed in China's 13th Five-Year Plan, covering 2016-2020. In 2019, the project was approved by the CAEA, with the Beijing Institute of Geology of the Nuclear Industry designated as the leader of the project.

The laboratory's surface facilities will cover 247 hectares, with 2.39 hectares of gross floor space, its chief designer, Wang Ju, vice-president of the Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology said in an interview with China Daily in April. He said the underground complex will have a total structural volume of 514,200 square cubic meters, along with 13.4 kilometers of tunnels.

The laboratory is estimated to cost over CNY2.72 billion (USD420 million) and take seven years to build. It is designed to operate for 50 years, and if its research proves successful and the site is suitable, an underground repository for high-level waste will be built near the laboratory by 2050.


Wang said, "The lab will provide critical support in the safe geological disposal of high-level waste, which is crucial for the sustainable development of nuclear energy in China."

Industrial scale disposal of low and intermediate-level waste is carried out at three sites in China: near Yumen, northwest Gansu province; at the Beilong repository in Gunagdong province near the Daya Bay nuclear plant; and at Feifengshan, Sichuan province.
https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Arti ... ground-lab

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 23 juil. 2021, 00:13

Incident à l'EPR de Taishan: en France, EDF mettrait le réacteur à l'arrêt

AFP parue le 22 juill. 2021

Plus d'un mois après l'incident de la centrale nucléaire EPR de Taishan en Chine, le groupe français EDF, partenaire du projet, a déclaré jeudi qu'il mettrait le réacteur à l'arrêt en pareille situation en France, pour enquêter et éviter des dégradations supplémentaires.

"Au regard des analyses effectuées, les procédures d'EDF en matière d'exploitation du parc nucléaire français conduiraient EDF, en France, à mettre le réacteur à l'arrêt pour caractériser précisément le phénomène en cours et arrêter son évolution", a indiqué l'électricien dans un communiqué.

.......................
https://www.connaissancedesenergies.org ... ret-210722

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Re: Le nucléaire en Chine

Message par energy_isere » 30 juil. 2021, 20:44

Mise à l'arrêt du réacteur EPR n°1 de Taishan, EDF prend acte
L'exploitant de l'EPR de Taishan, en Chine, a annoncé vendredi 30 juillet sa décision de procéder à l'arrêt du réacteur n°1 de la centrale nucléaire, au sein duquel des fuites de crayons de combustible responsables d'une accumulation de gaz rares ont été détectées.

Reuters sur Usine Nouvelle 30 Juillet 2021

L'exploitant de la centrale nucléaire de Taishan a finalement décidé de mettre à l'arrêt le réacteur numéro 1, a-t-il annoncé ce 30 juillet. Cette décision de TNPJVC, responsable de l'exploitation de la centrale et coentreprise détenue par China General Nuclear Power Group - ou CGN (70%) - et par EDF (30%), correspond à ce qui serait fait en France dans la même situation, a rappelé EDF dans une déclaration écrite après avoir pris position en ce sens le 22 juillet. "EDF reste mobilisé pour apporter son expertise dans la mise à l'arrêt du réacteur", a-t-il ajouté à la suite de l'annonce de la décision par CGN.

La question d'un arrêt du réacteur n°1 de Taishan s'est posée dès la mi-juin après un article de CNN évoquant une fuite de la centrale et un relèvement du niveau de radiations autorisé à l'extérieur du site, ce que le ministère chinois de l'Environnement a démenti par la suite. EDF a indiqué le 22 juillet que, d'après les données dont il disposait, "les paramètres radiochimiques de l'eau du circuit primaire" du réacteur demeuraient "en deçà des seuils réglementaires en vigueur à la centrale de Taishan, seuils qui sont cohérents avec les pratiques internationales".

Le groupe français a confirmé à cette occasion son hypothèse initiale selon laquelle l'augmentation de gaz rares dans le réacteur n°1 de Taishan était due à "l'inétanchéité de crayons de combustible", celle-ci présentant "un caractère évolutif" faisant l'objet "d'un suivi en permanence par l'exploitant". EDF a également expliqué qu'un arrêt du réacteur n°1 de Taishan permettrait de stopper la dégradation des gaines de combustibles défectueuses, de comprendre les causes de leur perte d'étanchéité et de limiter l'ampleur du nettoyage et de la décontamination du circuit primaire qui seront nécessaires. Les combustibles de Taishan ont été fabriqués en France par Framatome - aujourd'hui filiale d'EDF - sur son site de Romans-sur-Isère (Drôme).
https://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/n ... e.N1130109

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