Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

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Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par Silenius » 09 mai 2013, 08:29

Lu sur phys.org
l'électrolyse d'oxyde de fer fondu produit du fer et de l'O2 (mise au point d'électrodes peu couteuses en alliage au chrome)
Worldwide steel production currently totals about 1.5 billion tons per year. The prevailing process makes steel from iron ore—which is mostly iron oxide—by heating it with carbon; the process forms carbon dioxide as a byproduct. Production of a ton of steel generates almost two tons of CO2 emissions, according to steel industry figures, accounting for as much as 5 percent of the world's total greenhouse-gas emissions.

The industry has met little success in its search for carbon-free methods of manufacturing steel. The idea for the new method, Sadoway says, arose when he received a grant from NASA to look for ways of producing oxygen on the moon—a key step toward future lunar bases.

Sadoway found that a process called molten oxide electrolysis could use iron oxide from the lunar soil to make oxygen in abundance, with no special chemistry. He tested the process using lunar-like soil from Meteor Crater in Arizona—which contains iron oxide from an asteroid impact thousands of years ago—finding that it produced steel as a byproduct.

Sadoway's method used an iridium anode, but since iridium is expensive and supplies are limited, that's not a viable approach for bulk steel production on Earth. But after more research and input from Allanore, the MIT team identified an inexpensive metal alloy that can replace the iridium anode in molten oxide electrolysis.

It wasn't an easy problem to solve, Sadoway explains, because a vat of molten iron oxide, which must be kept at about 1600 degrees Celsius, "is a really challenging environment. The melt is extremely aggressive. Oxygen is quick to attack the metal."

Many researchers had tried to use ceramics, but these are brittle and can shatter easily. "I had always eschewed that approach," Sadoway says.

But Allanore adds, "There are only two classes of materials that can sustain these high temperatures—metals or ceramics." Only a few metals remain solid at these high temperatures, so "that narrows the number of candidates," he says.

Allanore, who worked in the steel industry before joining MIT, says progress has been slow both because experiments are difficult at these high temperatures, and also because the relevant expertise tends to be scattered across disciplines. "Electrochemistry is a multidisciplinary problem, involving chemical, electrical and materials engineering," he says.

The problem was solved using an alloy that naturally forms a thin film of metallic oxide on its surface: thick enough to prevent further attack by oxygen, but thin enough for electric current to flow freely through it. The answer turned out to be an alloy of chromium and iron—constituents that are "abundant and cheap," Sadoway says.

In addition to producing no emissions other than pure oxygen, the process lends itself to smaller-scale factories: Conventional steel plants are only economical if they can produce millions of tons of steel per year, but this new process could be viable for production of a few hundred thousand tons per year, he says.

Apart from eliminating the emissions, the process yields metal of exceptional purity, Sadoway says. What's more, it could also be adapted to carbon-free production of metals and alloys including nickel, titanium and ferromanganese, with similar advantages.


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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par Remundo » 09 mai 2013, 09:39

Pourquoi pas,

Reste à produire de l'électricité 100% renouvelable.

Quant au chauffage du bain électrolytique, je ne sais pas s'il se fait par effet Joule résiduel de l'électrolyse, ou bien nécessite un chauffage externe : ce chauffage également doit être pris en compte, surtout s'il se fait avec un hydrocarbure fossile...

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par Silenius » 09 mai 2013, 20:12

Il faut installer un conducteur fusible autour et entre les électrodes, il se forme une masse liquide qui s'étend peu a peu.

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par mobar » 01 juil. 2013, 11:24

Remundo a écrit :Pourquoi pas,

Reste à produire de l'électricité 100% renouvelable.

Quant au chauffage du bain électrolytique, je ne sais pas s'il se fait par effet Joule résiduel de l'électrolyse, ou bien nécessite un chauffage externe : ce chauffage également doit être pris en compte, surtout s'il se fait avec un hydrocarbure fossile...
En 2050 si on en crois Multon on y sera

http://w3.bretagne.ens-cachan.fr/pdf/multon2011.pdf
http://event.enscm.fr/jirec2010/Conf%C3 ... Multon.pdf

En électrolyse d'oxyde de fer fondu, ce sont les électrrodes (carbone et brai cuit) qui apportent le carbone nécessaire à la réduction de l'oxyde de fer. L'essentiel de l'énergie absorbée par la réduction est apportée sous forme d'électricité, les rejets de CO2 sont limités aux strict nécessaire (pas de combustion de carbone avec le d'air ou de l'oxygène pour chauffer les réactifs)
https://youtu.be/0pK01iKwb1U
« Ne doutez jamais qu'un petit groupe de personnes bien informées et impliquées puisse changer le monde, en fait, ce n'est jamais que comme cela que le monde a changé »

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par energy_isere » 03 oct. 2021, 11:37

ArcelorMittal to invest in decarbonisation technologies at its Gent plant

By NS Energy Staff Writer 29 Sep 2021

ArcelorMittal Belgium will reduce CO2 emissions by 3.9 million tonnes per year by 2030, by building a 2.5 million-tonne direct reduced iron (DRI) plant

ArcelorMittal announces that it has signed a letter of intent with the Governments of Belgium and Flanders, supporting a €1.1 billion project to build a 2.5 million-tonne direct reduced iron (DRI) plant at its site in Gent, as well as two new electric furnaces.

A DRI plant uses natural gas, and potentially hydrogen, instead of coal to reduce iron ore, resulting in a large reduction in CO2 emissions compared with blast furnace ironmaking. The two electric furnaces will melt the DRI and scrap steel, which will then be transformed in the steel shop into steel slabs and then further processed into finished products.

Once the DRI and electric furnaces are built, there will be a transition period during which production will move gradually from blast furnace A, to the DRI and electric furnaces, after which blast furnace A will be closed as it reaches the end of its life. By 2030, this will result in a reduction of around three million tonnes of CO2 emissions each year.

The support of both the national and the Flanders governments in this project is crucial given the significant cost associated with the transition to carbon-neutral steelmaking.

Approval from the European Commission for the funding support will also be required.

Smart Carbon and DRI synergies

The DRI plant will operate alongside Gent’s blast furnace B, which restarted production in March 2021 following a significant investment of €195 million.

Various decarbonisation initiatives, including the commissioning in 2022 of Gent’s Steelanol/Carbalyst and Torero projects will see annual CO2 emissions reduction of 0.9 million tonnes by 2030.

The combination of the new DRI plant alongside a sustainable, state-of-the-art blast furnace enables the creation of unique synergies in ArcelorMittal Belgium’s roadmap to climate-neutral steelmaking.

Combined, the various initiatives will enable ArcelorMittal Belgium to reduce its CO2 emissions by 3.9 million tonnes per year by 2030 (on a scope 1 and 2 basis, compared with 2018), which is equivalent to the greenhouse gas emissions from 848,172 cars being driven for a year[1]. As a result, ArcelorMittal Belgium will make a significant contribution to ArcelorMittal Europe’s ambition to reduce CO2e emissions intensity by 35% by 2030 and to become carbon neutral by 2050.

Roadmap to 2050
..................
..................
https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/news/a ... ent-plant/

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par Jeudi » 03 oct. 2021, 21:48

energy_isere a écrit :
03 oct. 2021, 11:37
A DRI plant uses natural gas, and potentially hydrogen, instead of coal to reduce iron ore, resulting in a large reduction in CO2 emissions compared with blast furnace ironmaking.
Voilà une belle application de ce qu’aurait pu être GNL Québec: un remplacement du charbon par du gaz issu du fracking, résultant en des usines rénovées à grand coup de subvention et tout aussi polluante qu’avant. Il n’y a rien d’impossible à sortir des fossiles pour la production d’acier, mais mieux vaut commencer par arrêter de se laisser greenwasher le gaz naturel comme si c’était une énergie de transition vers du biogaz ou l’hydrogène vert. #-o
Quand rien dans l’univers ne te contredit, ça veut dire que tu n’écoutes pas.

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par energy_isere » 16 oct. 2022, 11:18

Vale and SHS to jointly develop green steelmaking solutions
The two firms will jointly study and explore the usage of Vale’s green iron ore briquettes.


October 7, 2022

Brazilian mining company Vale has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with German steelmaker Stahl-Holding-Saar (SHS) to develop solutions for carbon-neutral steelmaking.

The two firms will jointly study and explore the use of Vale’s green iron ore briquettes and direct reduction pellets in steelmaking, as well as Tecnored technology and a briquette plant located near SHS’ facilities.

The move is expected to contribute to Vale’s target to reduce its net Scope III emissions by 15% by 2035.

Vale also aims to lower its absolute Scope I and I emissions by 33% by 2030 and attain net-zero emissions by 2050.

SHS undertakes tasks for two major steel companies in Saarland, Aktien-Gesellschaft der Dillinger Hüttenwerke (Dillinger) and Saarstahl.

Earlier this year, Vale and Nippon Steel signed a memorandum to enact carbon-neutral steelmaking processes.

The firms will jointly research the use of raw materials that will contribute to direct reduced iron, green mould pig iron, green briquettes and other carbon-neutral steelmaking processes.

The partnership came after Nippon Steel announced its Nippon Steel Carbon Neutral Vision 2050 in March last year.

This plan positions global environmental issues as a ‘vital issue’ for Nippon Steel’s business management and aims to consider and carry out several measures in line with this.

In April this year, Vale began developing a $345m low-carbon pig iron plant in Marabá, Brazil.

Located near Vale’s iron ore open mine at Carajás, the facility is expected to have an annual output of 500,000t.

It is scheduled to become operational in 2025.

The facility will feature Tecnored’s technology that aims to enable the production of green pig iron by replacing metallurgical coal with biomass. Pig iron is used in the production of steel.

According to Vale, the use of biomass can reduce carbon emissions by up to 100%.
https://www.mining-technology.com/news/ ... eelmaking/

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par energy_isere » 16 oct. 2022, 23:17

Une startup à Boulder, Colorado nommée Electra affirme développer un process de transformation du minerai de fer en fer en phase humide à 60°C utilisant l'electricité, et sans émission de CO2.

vu d'abord sur mining.com https://www.mining.com/web/how-to-make- ... an-coffee/

mais en fait c'est la republication d'un article de Bloomberg ici avec en plus des photos : https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features ... f=hsVjBwkB
Inside the Bill Gates-Backed Startup Cleaning Up the Steel Industry
No coal-fired furnace. No molten metal. Colorado-based Electra has raised $85 million for technology that uses renewable electricity to make carbon-free iron at merely 60°C.

ByAkshat Rathi 6 octobre 2022
la startup vient de lever 85 millions de dollars d'investisseurs (annonce le 6 octobre)
le pdf du press release : https://static1.squarespace.com/static/ ... r+2022.pdf
Electra raises $85M to electrify and decarbonize
iron and steelmaking with no green premium

Bill Gates-founded Breakthrough Energy Ventures, Amazon, BHP Ventures,
Temasek, S2G Ventures, Capricorn Investment Group, Lowercarbon Capital, Valor
Equity Partners, Baruch Future Ventures and others back the company
BOULDER, CO, Oct. 6, 2022 – Electra, a green iron company, has raised $85 million to
produce Low-Temperature Iron (LTI) from commercial and low-grade ores using
zero-carbon intermittent electricity. Electra’s process emits zero carbon dioxide
emissions and carries zero green premium, meaning it will cost the same or less
than existing production methods powered by fossil fuels.
Electra, founded by entrepreneurs with decades of experience developing complex
electrochemical systems, has created a novel process to electrochemically refine iron
ore into pure iron at 60 degrees Celsius (140 degrees Fahrenheit) using renewable
electricity ...........................

Electra leverages proven electrochemical and hydrometallurgical methods to reach
industrial scale with low technical and scaling risks. Electra will complete the buildout of a green-iron refining pilot plant in 2023 at its headquarters in Boulder, CO, and
plans to have a commercial-scale demonstration plant qualified by the second half
of this decade. The 50-person company recently opened a new office in Boston, MA
to help expand its roster of engineers, scientists, and professional support staff.
............................
le CEO est Sandeep Nijhawan

le site web de Electra https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features ... f=hsVjBwkB

A suivre.
J'espére que ce n'est pas une nouvelle affaire Theranos.

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par energy_isere » 17 oct. 2022, 19:30

GravitHy, l'acier décarboné tricolore
Le consortium GravitHy, qui réunit cinq industriels autour de l'EIT InnoEnergy, veut produire en France de l'acier très bas carbone par réduction directe du fer à l’hydrogène, avec une première usine à Fos-sur-Mer (Bouches-du-Rhône), à construire en 2024.

Myrtille Delamarche 16 Octobre 2022 Usine Nouvelle

Produire de l’acier très bas carbone en France en 2027. Autour de ce projet enthousiasmant, l’EIT InnoEnergy a réuni Primetals, Engie, Plug, Idec et Forvia. Ensemble, ils ont signé fin juin à Paris l’acte de naissance de GravitHy. Ce consortium veut construire une usine de réduction directe du fer à l’hydrogène, à Fos-sur-Mer (Bouches-du-Rhône), en 2024.

[...abonnés]
https://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/g ... e.N2040557

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par energy_isere » 22 oct. 2022, 11:58

Anglo American veut réduire les émissions de carbone dans la production de l’acier

Agence Ecofin 21 oct 2022

Selon les données de la World Steel Association, plus de 1,9 milliard de tonnes d’acier brut ont été produites en 2021. Avec une demande qui ne cesse de croître depuis quelques années déjà, sa production compte parmi les plus polluantes au monde.

Le géant minier Anglo American, actif en Afrique du Sud sur le diamant, le fer et les PGMs, a annoncé jeudi 20 octobre avoir signé un protocole d’accord avec son partenaire Thyssenkrupp Steel, pour développer des technologies de production écologique d’acier.

Dans le détail, cette collaboration devrait permettre d’un côté de fournir des matières premières de haute qualité et d’un autre, de mettre en place des procédures de transformation en acier plus « respectueuses de l’environnement ». Sur ce dernier volet, les deux sociétés optent pour une combinaison des fourneaux traditionnels avec la méthode de fabrication d’acier par réduction directe du fer (DRI).

« Nous combinons les qualités physiques et chimiques supérieures de nos minerais avec la technologie innovante de Thyssenkrupp Steel pour favoriser des opérations plus durables, tout en répondant aux attentes croissantes de la société en matière de pratiques de production respectueuses du climat », commente Peter Whitcutt, PDG de la division marketing d’Anglo American.

Notons que l’industrie de l’acier déploie depuis un moment des efforts pour développer des processus de production moins polluants. En 2020, 7 à 9 % des émissions de gaz à effet de serre de la planète ont été causées par ce secteur d’après la World Steel Association.

Alors que l’AIE appelle à une accélération des efforts pour atteindre l’objectif global de « zéro émission nette en 2050 », Anglo American veut faire partie de la solution pour décarboniser le secteur de l’acier de manière durable. Notons qu’une bonne partie des émissions de portée 3 d’Anglo American est liée aux matériaux vendus à l’industrie sidérurgique (charbon et minerai de fer).
https://www.agenceecofin.com/compagnie/ ... de-l-acier

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par energy_isere » 27 nov. 2022, 11:41

Rio Tinto validates its BioIron process to produce low-carbon iron
The mining firm now plans to develop a larger-scale pilot plant to help decarbonise the steel value chain.


November 23, 2022

Diversified miner Rio Tinto has successfully demonstrated the effectiveness of its low-carbon iron-making process, known as BioIron, using ores sourced from mines in Pilbara, Australia.

The demonstration has been carried out during the past 18 months in a small-scale pilot plant in Germany.

A project team from Rio Tinto , sustainable technology firm Metso Outotec , and the University of Nottingham’s Microwave Process Engineering Group carried out extensive testing of the BioIron process.

With the process proven, Rio Tinto now plans to develop a larger-scale pilot plant to help decarbonise the steel value chain.

BioIron involves the use of raw biomass, as an alternative to metallurgical coal, as a reductant and microwave energy. This will convert iron ore to metallic iron in the steelmaking process.

Rio Tinto anticipates BioIron to support near-zero CO₂ steelmaking. It is also expected to result in net negative emissions upon linking with carbon capture and storage.

Global engineering, project management and professional services firm Hatch conducted a comprehensive and independent technical review confirming the potential of the BioIron process.

Rio Tinto chief commercial officer Alf Barrios said: “Finding low-carbon solutions for iron and steelmaking is critical for the world as we tackle the challenges of climate change. Proving BioIron works at this scale is an exciting development given the implications it could have for global decarbonisation.
https://www.mining-technology.com/news/ ... iron-iron/

sur le site de Riotinto :
...................
The BioIron™ process will now be tested on a larger scale, at a specially designed continuous pilot plant with a capacity of one tonne per hour. The design of the pilot plant is underway and Rio Tinto is considering suitable locations for its construction.

The BioIron™ process works using lignocellulosic biomass including agricultural by-products (e.g. wheat straw, canola stalks, barley straw, sugar cane bagasse) or purpose-grown crops. The biomass is blended with iron ore and heated by a combination of combusting gases released by the biomass and high-efficiency microwaves that can be powered by renewable energy.

Rio Tinto is aware of the complexities around the use of biomass supply and is working to ensure only sustainable sources of biomass are used. Accordingly, the company is undertaking a benchmarking study of biomass certification processes. Through discussions with environmental groups, as a first step Rio Tinto have ruled out sources that support the logging of old growth and High Conservation Value forests.
https://www.riotinto.com/en/news/releas ... ron-making

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par energy_isere » 18 déc. 2022, 14:58

suite de 4 posts au dessus.
Nucor, Electra partner to produce carbon-free iron for steelmaking

Staff Writer | December 16, 2022

Steelmaker Nucor Corporation (NYSE: NUE) and Electra, a Colorado-based start-up developing a process to produce carbon-free iron that can be used to make steel, have partnered to produce emissions-free iron.


Electra uses renewable energy to refine low-grade iron ores into high-purity iron through electrochemical and hydrometallurgical processes. This material will be used by Nucor in the steelmaking process to offset other high-quality metallics that come with higher greenhouse gas emissions.

In detail, the process produces Low-Temperature Iron (LTI) from commercial and low-grade ores. The company electrochemically refines iron ore into pure iron at 60 degrees Celsius using renewable electricity. That iron can be turned into steel using existing electric arc furnaces.

Electra’s process results in zero carbon dioxide emissions. By comparison, approximately 70% of the steel produced globally is made with blast furnace technology, an extractive process fed by iron ore, coal, and limestone that emits about two tonnes of carbon dioxide for every tonne of steel produced.

Nucor already uses primarily recycled scrap as raw material and is, thus, considered a clean steelmaker.

“The circular nature of remelting recycled scrap in electric arc furnaces, combined with steel’s ability to be infinitely recycled, means that Nucor’s steelmaking facilities generate roughly one-third of the carbon dioxide of extractive steelmaking plants,” the firm said in a media statement.

“Its investment in Electra is one of several investments the company is making that furthers Nucor’s status as a sustainability leader and builds on the innovation that has already led to cleaner steel production in the United States.”
https://www.mining.com/nucor-electra-pa ... eelmaking/

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par energy_isere » 30 déc. 2022, 11:21

Fortescue reveals green steel plans but warns task is enormous

Bloomberg News | December 19, 2022

Fortescue Metals Group Ltd., the world’s fourth-biggest iron ore miner, has joined forces with Japan’s Mitsubishi Corp. and European steelmaker Voestalpine AG to develop zero-carbon iron using hydrogen at a plant in Austria.


It’s the Australian miner’s first foray into so-called “green steel,” which aims to exclude coal from the steelmaking process and so help clean up one of the world’s dirtiest industries. Iron ore is the primary feedstock for the majority of steel, the world’s most widely used metal.

The project will use technology developed by Primetals Technologies Ltd., a venture involving another Mitsubishi company, that replaces coal-reliant blast furnaces with hydrogen and a smelter powered by electricity. If that electricity is entirely renewable, then in theory the process won’t emit any carbon.

“You make enormous amounts of carbon when you make steel — it’s about 7% to 10% of the world’s emissions,” Mark Hutchinson, chief executive officer of the company’s green energy division, Fortescue Future Industries, said in a phone interview. “We’ve got to fix this.”

Fortescue’s joint venture, which will mostly be funded by European government grants, aims to complete a pilot plant by 2025, and build a commercial scale facility by the end of the decade, Hutchinson said.

Hydrogen demand

Decarbonizing steel is a crucial step in the fight to halt climate change, and development of large-scale plants would send demand for hydrogen soaring. That would benefit Fortescue, which plans to produce 15 million tons a year of green hydrogen by 2030 as part of Chairman Andrew Forrest’s goal of becoming a major clean energy producer.

A growing number of miners and steelmakers are racing to develop green steel technologies using hydrogen. The most advanced is Hybrit, a Swedish joint venture of steelmaker SSAB AB, iron ore producer Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB and power company Vattenfall AB. Germany’s Thyssenkrupp AG, South Korea’s Posco Holdings Inc., and China Baowu Steel Group Corp. are also experimenting with green steel.

But the technology is expensive and at an early stage and often requires a high grade of iron ore. According to Hutchinson, the method developed by Primetals may work with the lower quality ore that Fortescue and others mine in Australia’s Pilbara region. Part of the goal of the pilot plant will be to test different grades, which Fortescue will supply.

Hutchinson cautioned not to expect quick results, saying that decarbonizing the world’s steel sector is likely to develop slowly over decades and will require “enormous” investment in renewable energy.

“To think about doing the entire industry, the amount of renewables needed to do that is just extraordinary,” he said.

Austria’s Voestalpine plans to begin switching its coal-based steel output to hydrogen from 2027. “Over the long term, our mission is carbon-neutral steel production using green hydrogen, for which we are already undertaking intensive research into promising breakthrough technologies,” Hubert Zajicek, the company’s head of steel, said in a statement.
https://www.mining.com/web/fortescue-re ... -enormous/

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par energy_isere » 02 avr. 2023, 10:04

Gros projet en Allemagne :
Steelmaker announces world-first ‘green’ steel plant

Robin Latchem – March 13, 2023

Thyssenkrupp Steel is planning a hydrogen-powered direct reduction plant in Duisburg, Germany, saying it is the start of the biggest industrial decarbonisation projects worldwide which will ultimately avoid more than 3.5 million tonnes of CO2 per year.

Germany’s biggest steelmaker has placed an order with SMS, Düsseldorf, for the engineering, delivery and construction of the EUR 1.8 billion facility. The plant will have a capacity of 2.5 million tonnes of directly reduced iron (DRI) and is scheduled for completion by the end of 2026. The overall project remains subject to European Union approval under state aid provisions.

The contract award is seen as a ‘decisive technological turnaround’ in Thyssenkrupp Steel’s more than 200-year history. Hydrogen-based processes in DRI offer a significant basis for manufacturing carbon-neutral steel. thyssenkrupp Steel is planning to avoid as much as six million tonnes of CO2 by 2030, more than 30% of its emissions. The transformation to carbon-neutral production is expected to be completed by 2045 at the latest.

SMS employs 14 500 people at around 100 locations. The order is the largest single order in the company’s history spanning more than 150 years.

Bernhard Osburg, ceo of Thyssenkrupp Steel, says: ‘It is a historic day for Thyssenkrupp Steel and good news for industrial climate change mitigation. Together with SMS we intend to demonstrate that an innovative and sustainable transformation of the steel industry is possible in Germany and Europe. We are thus creating the basis for tomorrow’s green steel markets.’

Thyssenkrupp says it will be the first steelmaker in the world to combine a 100% hydrogen-capable direct reduction plant with innovative melters. Positioning two melters immediately adjacent to the direct reduction plant allows the solid input stock produced there to be converted into molten iron immediately and more efficiently. SMS will also deliver the innovative melters, slag granulation and other auxiliary equipment, for example water recycling.

Detailed planning and preparatory work for construction of the direct reduction plant will commence immediately. One task involves getting the construction site ready on the plant premises.
https://recyclinginternational.com/busi ... ant/52630/

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Re: Produire de l'acier sans émettre de CO2

Message par energy_isere » 02 avr. 2023, 10:41

et un autre projet démonstrateur en Australie :
BHP and Hatch partner to design Australian electric smelting plant
The facility will help to demonstrate ways to reduce CO₂ intensity in steel production using iron-ore from BHP’s Pilbara mines.


March 23, 2023

BHP has teamed up with global engineering firm Hatch to design an electric smelting furnace (ESF) pilot plant in Australia.

The move would support the companies’ decision to build a small-scale ESF demonstration plant, which is expected to contribute to BHP’s efforts to achieve the 2050 zero greenhouse gas target.

The proposed facility will help in demonstrating ways to reduce CO₂ intensity in the production of steel using iron-ore from BHP’s Pilbara mines.

BHP said the facility will enable collaboration with steel producers and technology providers to generate and exchange learnings to scale up ESF plant designs.

The pilot facility will be equipped to test and optimise iron production from the ESF, a new type of furnace capable of producing steel from iron ore using renewable electricity and hydrogen replacing coking coal in combination with a direct reduced iron (DRI) step.

According to estimates, more than 80% of CO₂ emission intensity is potentially achievable by processing Pilbara iron ores through a DRI-ESF pathway, compared with the conventional blast furnace steel route.

BHP chief commercial officer Vandita Pant said: “The steel industry has identified the ESF as a viable option to use a wider range of raw materials and steel companies globally are looking to build commercial-scale ESF plants as part of their CO₂ emission reduction roadmaps.”

Hatch Bulk Metals managing director Joe Petrolito said: “Hatch is excited to collaborate with BHP on this forward-looking initiative and is honoured to contribute to the efforts of an industry leader who is dedicated to driving tangible progress.”
https://www.mining-technology.com/news/ ... -smelting/

mining.com ajoute qu'il faut du minerai très concentré en fer pour que ça fonctionne bien :
BHP is building a solution to its green steel conundrum

Bloomberg News | March 22, 2023

Mining giant BHP Group Ltd. is designing a steelmaking furnace that can be used with the lower-grade iron ore found in Australia, while also cutting carbon emissions.


The company is working with engineering consultancy Hatch Ltd. to design a pilot plant that uses an electric smelting furnace, according to a statement from BHP. The aim will be to demonstrate a new route to greener steelmaking, using the iron ore produced at the firm’s mines in Pilbara, Australia.

Steelmakers have been using a combination of hydrogen and electric-arc furnaces to decarbonize their production, which currently relies mainly on coal-fired blast furnaces. But those approaches require a higher grade of iron ore than that which predominates in Australia, the world’s top producer.

“We see the ESF process as a critical breakthrough in significantly reducing the carbon emissions intensity of steel production and one that provides an opportunity for iron ore from our Pilbara mines,” said Vandita Pant, BHP’s chief commercial officer.

Additional high-grade supply will eventually be mined at Simandou, a massive project in Guinea run by rival Australian firm Rio Tinto Group and its Chinese partners. Otherwise, making iron ore sufficiently pure involves processes that add to the already high costs of green steelmaking.
https://www.mining.com/web/bhp-is-build ... conundrum/

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