Pologne

[energy_isere]

Décision de principe pour 6 emplacements de réacteurs SMR. Plusieurs SMR par site.

Six SMR power plants approved in Poland

08 December 2023

Poland's Ministry of Climate and Environment has issued decisions-in-principle for the construction of power plants based on GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy's BWRX-300 small modular reactor (SMR) at six locations. A total of 24 BWRX-300 reactors are planned at the sites.



The locations applied for (Image: OSGE)

In mid-April, Orlen Synthos Green Energy (OSGE) announced it had shortlisted seven locations in Poland for further geological surveys to host SMR plants based on GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy's BWRX-300, for which it holds the exclusive right in Poland. The locations were: Ostrołęka, Włocławek, Stawy Monowskie, Dąbrowa Górnicza, Nowa Huta, Tarnobrzeg Special Economic Zone and Warsaw.

OSGE submitted applications in late-April to the Ministry of Climate and Environment for decisions-in-principle on the construction of plants at six locations, omitting Warsaw from the list.

The ministry has now issued decisions-in-principle for the construction of a total of 24 BWRX-300 reactors at the six locations.

The decision-in-principle is the first decision in the process of administrative permits for investments in nuclear power facilities in Poland that an investor may apply for. Obtaining it entitles OSGE to apply for a number of further administrative arrangements, such as a siting decision or construction licence.

"The decisions we received are an important step towards deep decarbonisation of the Polish economy," Rafał Kasprów, President of the Management Board of OSGE, announced during the Net Zero Nuclear forum at the COP28 climate change conference in Dubai. "It is symbolic that we received the decisions today - with carbon dioxide emissions in Poland reaching 928g CO2/kWh, the highest in Europe and one of the highest in the world.

"The decisions enable us to launch a programme to build a fleet of BWRX-300 reactors in Poland to provide zero-emission, stable energy sources for the energy, industry and heating sectors."

In December 2021, GE Hitachi, BWXT Canada and Synthos Green Energy (SGE) signed a Letter of Intent to cooperate in deploying BWRX-300 SMRs in Poland. OSGE - a joint venture between chemical producers SGE and PKN Orlen - submitted an application to Poland's National Atomic Energy Agency on 8 July last year for the assessment of the reactor design.

The Ministry of Climate and Environment has already issued decisions-in-principle for the construction of two large nuclear power plants: one for a 3750 MWe plant in Pomerania using Westinghouse's AP1000 technology, the other for a plant comprising two South Korean-supplied APR1400 reactors in the Patnów-Konin region.

A decision-in-principle has also been issued for copper and silver producer KGHM Polska Miedź SA's plan to construct a NuScale VOYGR modular nuclear power plant with a capacity of 462 MWe consisting of six modules, each with a capacity of 77 MWe.

The latest developments in Poland come amid speculation about what is going to be the next government's stance on nuclear energy, following elections in October. Opposition leader Donald Tusk has said that a coalition government of three opposition groups to be led by him will be formed by 12 December.

https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Arti ... -in-Poland

[energy_isere]

Connection to grid requested for Poland's first plant

05 January 2024

Polish electricity grid operator Polskie Sieci Elektroenergetyczne (PSE) has determined the parameters required for connecting the country's first nuclear power plant, planned in Pomerania, to the national grid.

lire https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Arti ... s-first-pl

[energy_isere]

Vestas prend la décision de construire une usine de fabrication de pales pour les éoliennes de 15 MW en Pologne

Vestas to build new blade factory in Poland for V236-15.0 MW turbine

By NS Energy Staff Writer 12 Jan 2024

Expected to begin operations in 2026, the Polish factory is intended to manufacture blades for the flagship offshore wind turbine of Vestas

Danish wind turbine company Vestas has unveiled plans to build a new blade factory in Szczecin, Poland to support the build-out of offshore wind farms in Europe.

Anticipated to begin operations in 2026, the Polish factory is intended to manufacture blades for the V236-15.0 MW, which is the flagship offshore wind turbine of Vestas.

The Szczecin turbine blade plant will generate over 1,000 direct jobs.

Vestas had previously disclosed intentions to set up an assembly factory for offshore nacelles in Szczecin. Along with this plant, the new blade factory will create more than 1,700 direct jobs by 2026.

Vestas COO Tommy Rahbek Nielsen said: “Vestas intends to lead the development of a sustainable supply chain in Europe that can deliver the scale needed to meet the expected growth in demand for offshore wind.

“Our plans for two new offshore factories in Poland underline that Europe can spur wind industry investments and green jobs with the right long-term policy commitments for offshore wind projects.”

The new offshore blade factory is likely to be located at a site in northern Szczecin, which was acquired by the Danish wind turbine manufacturer in February 2023. This location is in close proximity to Ostrów Brdowski Island in Szczecin, where Vestas plans to set up its nacelle assembly factory.

The assembly factory is projected to commence operations in 2025, generating 700 direct jobs.

According to Vestas, the upcoming factories are designed to meet the demand in Europe and, to a certain extent, the global market. They are expected to play a vital role in bolstering both Poland’s and Europe’s offshore wind market and industry.

After the addition of these two new facilities in Szczecin, which will complement Vestas’ existing footprint, the company anticipates employing over 2,500 individuals in Poland in the near future.

https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/news/v ... w-turbine/

[energy_isere]

La Russie est suspectée d’avoir largement brouillé les GPS en Pologne

Julien Lausson 18 janvier 2024 numerama

lire https://www.msn.com/fr-fr/actualite/mon ... e4b4&ei=22

[energy_isere]

Poland to plan coal phase-out
This marks a new direction in Polish attitudes towards the energy transition.

Alfie Shaw January 17, 2024

Poland is planning to set an end date for coal-fuelled power, marking a change to the government’s approach to climate change.

According to the country’s Secretary of State for Climate, Urszula Zielinska, the new government, which came to the fore after ending eight years of Law and Justice (PiS) party rule in October 2023, was increasing environmental efforts, including setting a phase-out date for coal power.

Zielinska told reporters in Brussels: “Only with an end date we can plan and only with an end date industry can plan, people can plan. So yes, absolutely, we will be looking to set an end date.”

Poland derives 70% of its power from coal despite increasing wind and solar generation in recent years. In September 2023, Poland was also given the green light by the International Atomic Energy Agency to construct nuclear power plants and will begin building the first plant at Pomerania in 2026.

The previous government’s agreement with trade unions to keep coal mining until 2049 has made it harder to phase-out the most CO₂-emitting fossil fuel. However, scientists have stressed that coal burning will have to be reduced drastically to avoid severe climate change, and UN secretary-general António Guterres has urged all countries within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to phase out coal by 2030.

Zielinska said the new government will work to reduce output from heavily polluting industries, while considering the impact this may have on workers and communities.

“It is all under revision and with a view to step up the efforts, but also to secure the people who may be most impacted, the industries as well, to make sure that the industries are really smoothly transitioned into new green branches,” she said.

This marks a change in attitude in Polish Government, which took Brussels to court last year in an attempt to cancel EU climate policies including a 2035 ban on new CO₂-emitting cars.

In December, think tank Instrat predicted that renewable sources could account for as much as 92% of energy production in Poland by 2040, given the new administration’s more favourable stance towards the energy transition.

https://www.mining-technology.com/news/ ... 3/?cf-view

[energy_isere]

Siemens Gamesa signe une grosse commande d’éoliennes offshore en Pologne
Equinor et Polenergia confirment Siemens Gamesa pour la fourniture des éoliennes offshore des parcs Baltyk II et III au large de la Pologne. Le contrat porte sur 100 turbines de 14 MW.


Siemens Gamesa a été retenu par Equinor et Polenergia pour les parcs Baltyk II et III, en Pologne. | SIEMENS GAMESA

Loïc FABRÈGUES.Publié le 16/02/2024 Le marin

Le contrat définitif entre le tandem formé par les énergéticiens Equinor et Polenergia d’un côté et le turbinier Siemens Gamesa de l’autre pour la fourniture des éoliennes offshore pour les parcs Baltyk II et III en mer Baltique polonaise a été signé. Cet accord, annoncé le 16 février, porte sur la fourniture et l’installation du modèle phare de Siemens Gamesa, la SG14-236 DD avec son rotor de 236 mètres de diamètre. Le contrat de service des éoliennes est inclus.... (abonnés)

https://lemarin.ouest-france.fr/energie ... cb0ba0cd2f

[energy_isere]

La mine de charbon de Turów va continuer l'exploitation :

Administrative court allows Poland’s Turów mine to operate
The decision overturns a previous environmental ruling by the General Director of Environmental Protection.

March 14, 2024

The Provincial Administrative Court in Warsaw, Poland, has ruled in favour of continued operations at the Turów coal mine, as reported by state news agency PAP.

This decision overturns a previous environmental ruling by the General Director of Environmental Protection, although the verdict is not yet final.

“The judgment regarding the environmental decision does not result in the suspension of the operation of the Turow mine. The state’s energy policy was not subject to the court’s assessment,” PAP cited the court as saying.

The Turów coal mine, owned by Polska Grupa Energetyczna, has been a subject of controversy, particularly due to its environmental impact and its location on the border with the Czech Republic and Germany.

The mine supplies lignite to an adjacent power plant, which contributes 8% of Poland’s energy.

The previous Law and Justice government resisted closure attempts by environmental campaigners.

However, the main case regarding Turów is still pending in a Warsaw administrative court, which will decide on a government ruling from February 2023 that could permit mining activities until 2044.

Environmental groups have been vocal about the negative effects of the open-pit mine and have filed multiple lawsuits to stop its operations.

In April 2021, Poland extended the mine’s licence until 2044, a move that sparked concerns from neighbouring countries and environmentalists, who argue it violates EU laws and exacerbates the climate crisis.

In May 2021, the Court of Justice of the EU ordered an immediate cessation of lignite extraction at the mine.

Despite this, the then Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki deemed the court’s ruling on halting operations ‘illegal’ and insisted on continuing mining until the end of the coal deposit.

https://www.mining-technology.com/news/ ... &cf-closed


The Turów coal mine

https://www.mining.com/web/polish-court ... n-for-now/

[energy_isere]

Ses panneaux solaires produisent trop d’énergie : ce pays d’Europe est contraint de les débrancher
Le développement des énergies renouvelables nécessite de moderniser les réseaux pour prendre en compte ces nouveaux modes de production. Et ce n’est pas toujours évident, comme le prouve l’exemple récent de la Pologne, contrainte de réduire la production de ses énergies renouvelables afin d’éviter de déséquilibrer son réseau électrique.

Lorraine VERON 5 Avr 2024

Face à l’urgence climatique, l’Union européenne s’est fixée comme objectif d’atteindre la neutralité carbone d’ici 2050. Chaque État membre met ensuite en place une politique énergétique adaptée afin de parvenir à cet objectif et cela passe notamment par le recours aux énergies renouvelables (ENR).

En Pologne, en 2023, le charbon assurait 61 % de la production d’électricité. Le pays mise sur le nucléaire pour décarboner sa production à l’avenir. Le gaz devrait assurer la transition dans l’attente du démarrage des premiers réacteurs, qui ne devrait pas avoir lieu avant 2033. Les énergies renouvelables connaissent également une forte croissance en Pologne, principalement avec le photovoltaïque. Le pays constitue le troisième marché solaire en Europe, derrière l’Allemagne et l’Espagne, avec 12,4 gigawatts (GW) de capacité installée fin 2022.

Mais en tant que source de production d’électricité non pilotable, les ENR nécessitent de disposer de moyens de production flexibles permettant d’équilibrer en permanence l’offre et la demande sur le réseau, sous peine de voir survenir un black-out. En outre, le réseau doit subir des adaptations afin d’accueillir les moyens de production décentralisés que sont les ENR.

Le réseau polonais inadapté aux nouveaux modes de production décentralisés

Or, la Pologne n’a pas suffisamment modernisé son réseau pour cela. Ainsi, face à un afflux de production d’énergie éolienne et solaire, le pays a été contraint de prendre une décision drastique : effectuer une déconnexion d’une partie de son parc photovoltaïque du réseau. En pratique, le gestionnaire de réseau polonais Polskie Sieci Electroenergetyczne (PSE) a effectué une réduction de la capacité de production d’énergie photovoltaïque, pour la troisième fois au mois de mars. Cette troisième salve de réduction a eu lieu au cours de la journée du 26 mars : -1 201 mégawatts (MW) entre 11 h et 12 h, -1 877 MW entre 12 h et 13 h puis -1 711 MW entre 13 h et 14 h.

PSE justifie cette décision dans un communiqué de presse « en raison de l’offre excédentaire de production dans le système électrique national et de la nécessité de restaurer les capacités de régulation du système électrique national ». Pour éviter ce gâchis de production solaire tout en préservant l’équilibre du réseau, la Pologne doit donc accélérer la mise à niveau de son réseau électrique afin que cet épisode ne se renouvelle pas trop souvent. À ce titre, le pays bénéficie du soutien financier de la banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) pour entreprendre ces travaux. Fin 2022, la BEI a en effet annoncé un soutien de plus de 466 millions d’euros accordé à la Pologne pour moderniser le réseau de transport et y intégrer les ENR.

À savoir que la Pologne n’est pas un cas isolé dans le monde. L’État du Texas, aux États-Unis, qui est devenu un champion du renouvelable en quelques années, n’a pas pris la mesure des besoins en modernisation de son réseau électrique. Ainsi, en 2022, il a déjà dû brider sa production éolienne et solaire. Selon l’Agence d’information sur l’énergie américaine (EIA), le Texas pourrait ainsi perdre 13 % de sa production éolienne et 19 % pour le solaire d’ici 2035 en raison de décisions de bridage, afin de préserver l’intégrité du réseau.

https://www.revolution-energetique.com/ ... ebrancher/