Estonie

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Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 28 févr. 2013, 11:57

L 'ESTONIE

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43 700 km2 1.3 millions d'habitants 31 hab./km2

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonia

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonie

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 28 févr. 2013, 12:00

Comment produisent ils l' electricité en Estonie :

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source : http://www.energies-renouvelables.org/o ... stonie.pdf

La page wikipedia en Anglais sur les Schistes bitumineux en Estonie (Oil shale)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_shale_in_Estonia
Oil shale in Estonia is an important resource for the national economy. Estonia's oil shale deposits account for just 17% of total deposits in the European Union but the country generates 90% of its power from this source. The oil shale industry in Estonia employs 7,500 people—about one percent of the national work force—and accounts for four percent of its gross domestic product.[1]
4% du PIB de l' Estonie est réalisé par ces Schistes bitumineux.
Mining
Dragline excavator in the Narva open-cast mine (26 April 2005)As of May 2007, Estonia has been actively engaged in exploiting oil shale on a significant scale and accounts for 70% of the world's processed oil shale.[23] In 2005, Estonia mined 14.8 million tonnes of oil shale.[1] During the same period, mining permits were issued for almost 24 million tonnes, with applications for mining an additional 26 million tonnes. Estonia has adopted the "National Development Plan for the Use of Oil Shale 2008-2015", which limits the annual mining of oil shale to 20 million tonnes.[27] Companies involved in oil shale mining are Eesti Põlevkivi, Viru Keemia Grupp, Kiviõli Keemiatööstus and Kunda Nordic Cement.[2]

.........
The largest oil shale mine in the world is the Estonia Mine, opened in 1972.[28] It is operated by Eesti Energia Kaevandused.

Shale oil extraction See also: Narva Oil Plant
In 2005, Estonia was the largest shale oil producer in the world although it is expected that as of 2007, China has taken that position.[1][3] In 2005, Estonia produced 345,000 tonnes of shale oil, of which 222,000 tonnes were exported, 8,000 tonnes were utilised for electricity generation and 98,000 tonnes for heat generation.[3] There are three shale oil producers in Estonia: VKG Oil (a subsidiary of Viru Keemia Grupp), Narva Oil Plant (a subsidiary of Eesti Energia) and Kiviõli Keemiatööstus.[2]
L' Estonie premier producteur mondial de Schistes bitumineux.

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 28 févr. 2013, 12:03

et comme le dit ce post du jour l' estonie veut développer la voiture electrique.

Ce qui veut dire que du point de vue CO2, c' est trés mauvais, l' electricité étant fait à 90 % des fossiles d' origine Schistes bitumineux.
Leurs véhicules electriques n' en feront pas un moyen de transport propre.

Mais comme ils produisent eux méme ces Schistes bitumineux, c' est quand méme du pétrole en moins à importer en vue d'en faire des carburants.

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 28 févr. 2013, 12:21

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source Index Mundi

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 19 mars 2020, 20:14

L'Estonie s'intéresse aux Small Modular Reactors.
Vattenfall involved in Estonian study on SMRs

19 March 2020

Swedish utility Vattenfall is participating in a study on the deployment of small modular reactors (SMRs) in Estonia. In January, Estonia's Fermi Energia signed Memoranda of Understanding with Finnish power company Fortum and Belgian engineering firm Tractebel to cooperate on the study.
.......
https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Arti ... dy-on-SMRs

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 15 déc. 2021, 20:42

L'industrie des granulés de bois fait débat en Estonie

AFP le 15 déc. 2021

L'industrie florissante des granulés de bois en Estonie oppose les écologistes qui mettent en garde contre l'augmentation de l'exploitation forestière et ses effets néfastes sur la biodiversité, à ceux qui affirment que ce secteur fait un bon usage du bois qui, autrement, serait gaspillé.

Le sujet est particulièrement sensible dans cet État balte autrefois gouverné par Moscou, dont les forêts couvrent plus de la moitié de la superficie et font partie intégrante de l'identité nationale.
................
lire https://www.connaissancedesenergies.org ... nie-211215

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 11 janv. 2022, 18:58

L’Estonie s’apprête à dédier trois zones à l’éolien en mer

Publié le 10/01/2022

L’Estonie en a presque terminé avec son exercice de planification maritime. Selon la compagnie de radio-télévision nationale EER qui rapporte l’information, le document doit être présenté au gouvernement durant ce mois de janvier.

L’Estonie prévoit d’allouer 1 700 km2 pour le développement de l’éolien en mer au large de ses côtes
https://lemarin.ouest-france.fr/secteur ... ien-en-mer

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 17 sept. 2022, 15:08

suite de 3 posts au dessus.

L'Estonie attend des offres des compagnies GE Hitachi, NuScale et Rolls-Royce pour 3 SMR. Décision pour 2023.
Fermi Energia requests bids from three SMR vendors

15 September 2022

Estonia's Fermi Energia has said it will accept tenders from three small modular reactor (SMR) developers: GE Hitachi, NuScale and Rolls-Royce. The company said bids with comprehensive technical documentation needed to estimate the construction cost are expected by December, and the technology selection will be made in February 2023.

Fermi Energia said its international partners and shareholders helped prepare the detailed call for tenders. It said in the selection of technology, the criteria are technological maturity, the establishment of a reference plant, economic competitiveness and the participation of Estonian companies in the supply chain. A project development and preliminary works contract will be signed with the winning bidder.

"We started selecting the technology already in 2019, at that moment mapping all the companies developing new nuclear technologies, of which there were several dozen in the world at that time," said Fermi Energia CEO Kalev Kallemets. "Some of them have turned out to be more successful, and from the successful ones, in turn, we have to choose the most suitable for Estonian conditions and the electricity system, taking into account the final price of the produced electricity for the consumer.

"All three small reactor manufacturers participating in the bid have initiated formal construction permit procedures with the regulator in major countries, and it is believed that the first reactors of their kind to be built will produce electricity at the end of the decade. It is justified to choose the best reactor technology of the new generation, which has already proven itself, to be built in Estonia."

According to Fermi Energia, the costs of building a small reactor with standardised, factory-produced components are significantly lower than in the case of large nuclear plants built so far, and the short construction time also helps to reduce the risk of delays and related costs.

"Compared to long-term fixed-price contracts offered to private and industrial consumers on the Baltic market, the electricity produced by a small reactor is many times more affordable, and we want to offer it to consumers with whom we have signed fixed-price electricity supply cooperation contracts," Kallemets added.

"Both NuScale and GE Hitachi are companies with financial support from the United States government, the British government has invested GBP210 million in the development of Rolls-Royce's small modular reactor," said Marti Jeltsov, Chief Technology Officer of Fermi Energia. "All three companies have achieved design maturity over the past few years, which provides significant certainty to the feasibility of the projects. The arrival of the new generation of small reactors on the market also gives Fermi Energia the opportunity to move ahead with the technology selection at a faster pace than planned."

Fermi Energia was founded by Estonian energy and nuclear energy professionals to develop deployment of SMRs in Estonia. In July 2019, the company launched a feasibility study on the suitability of SMRs for Estonia's electricity supply and climate goals beyond 2030, following a financing round from investors and shareholders. It selected four SMR designs to be included in the feasibility study: Moltex Energy SSR-W300, Terrestrial Energy IMSR-400, GE Hitachi BWRX-300 and NuScale SMR.
https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Arti ... MR-vendors

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 30 janv. 2023, 23:14

Projet de type centrale STEP en Estonie. Le réservoir inférieur serait une caverne dans le granite à 550 m de profondeur !
Estonia to host 550 MW pumped hydro storage facility
Energiasalv has secured a construction permit to build a 6 GWh pumped hydro storage plant in Paldiski. Work on the facility is planned to start in the summer of 2024.

JANUARY 25, 2023 EMILIANO BELLINI

Tallinn-based Energiasalv announced it secured the construction permit from the country's Consumer Protection and Technical Regulatory Authority to build a 550 MW pumped hydro storage facility in Paldiski, on the Pakri Peninsula of northwestern Estonia.

“We will continue with the pre-qualification for the construction procurement at the beginning of February,” the company's CTO, Sander Astor, said in a statement. “We aim to finalize the tender process by the end of 2023 and start construction on the project in the summer of 2024.”

The development of the project began in 2009 and in 2012 it was included in the 10-year network development plan drafted by the European Network of Transmission System Operators (Entso-E). The company conducted then the environmental assessment and environmental studies between 2016 and 2018, with the geological investigations having been done between 2019 and 2021.

The storage facility is planned to have a storage capacity of 6 GWh during one storage cycle of 12 hours.

According to Entso-E, the project is based on a semi-loop concept, with the upper reservoir being the Finnish Gulf hosting sea water with very low salinity and the lower reservoir being a cavern in depth of -550m in the granite body. “It consists of an underground reservoir in crystal underground rock, chafers connecting it to the ground and to the seabed, and other land-based objects,” the company explained.

The commissioning of the facility is scheduled for 2029. The project originally received funding of €650 million, as an EU Project of Common Interest.
https://www.pv-magazine.com/2023/01/25/ ... -facility/

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 11 févr. 2023, 20:01

suite de ce post du 19 mars 2020 viewtopic.php?p=2297723#p2297723
Fermi Energia selects GEH to supply SMR technology for its nuclear plant in Estonia

By NS Energy Staff Writer 09 Feb 2023

GEH’s BWRX-300 is a new generation boiling water reactor that comes with high safety features, where the residual heat of the fuel is cooled using a large volume of water above the reactor

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Fermi Energia selects GE Hitachi’s BWRX-300. (Credit: Fermi Energia)

Estonian nuclear energy company Fermi Energia has selected GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy (GEH) to procure the latter’s BWRX-300 small modular reactor (SMR).

The company intends to deploy GEH’s BWRX-300 SMR at its proposed nuclear power plant in Estonia, planned to be constructed by early 2030.

The contract builds on a previous collaboration between GEH and Fermi Energia for potential deployment applications for the BWRX-300, signed in 2019.

In 2021, the companies extended the collaboration to work in key areas, including licensing support and supply chain development.

BWRX-300 is a new generation boiling water reactor with 300MW generation capacity, currently in initial construction phase in Canada.

It comes with high safety features, where the residual heat of the fuel is cooled using a large volume of water above the reactor, eliminating electric power or human intervention.

GEH president and CEO Jay Wileman said: “We are honored that our small modular reactor technology has been selected by Fermi Energia to help Estonia fulfill its energy security and climate goals. This technology selection further validates the BWRX-300 as the leading SMR solution.

“By leveraging a unique combination of existing fuel, plant simplifications, proven components and a design based on an already licensed reactor, the BWRX-300 offers cost-competitive, zero carbon emission generation in a meaningful timeframe.”

In addition to GE Hitachi, Fermi Energia has received proposals from the British company Rolls-Royce and the American company NuScale.

The believes that GEH’s BWRX-300 SMR is best match for its power plant in Estonia.

Fermi Energia intends to gradually start he planning, design and construction of the new nuclear power plant based on the Darlington nuclear power plant near Toronto, Ontario.

To construction at Estonian nuclear power plant, the requires a positive decision from the parliament of Estonia (Riigikogu).

In addition, it also requires a special national plan to determine a better location for the plant, along with the development of nuclear energy legislation, said Fermi Energia.

Fermi Energia CEO Kalev Kallemets said: “The BWRX-300 is in principle a boiling water reactor, which is used and well known by many European countries, including Finland and Sweden.

“However, the specific reactor model is much smaller than the ones used in the nuclear plants of our northern neighbors, which allows greater safety, lower cost, and shorter build time.

“At the same time, it is possible to rely on the experience of neighbors and offer the consumer clean electricity at an affordable and stable price.”
https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/news/f ... echnology/

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 28 mai 2023, 10:41

Enefit Green has taken final investment decision on 74MW Sopi solar farm
Sopi solar farm is expected to be commissioned in 2025 and is expected to generate ca 75 GWh electricity per year


By NS Energy Staff Writer 26 May 2023

Enefit Green has taken final investment decision on 74 MW Sopi solar farm in Estonia. The project is part of Enefit Green’s previously communicated near-term project pipeline to quadruple its installed electricity generation capacity to 1,900 MW by the end of 2026.

Sopi solar farm is expected to be commissioned in 2025 and is expected to generate ca 75 GWh electricity per year. Enefit Green will invest nearly 44 million EUR in this project.

Together with the 255 MW Sopi-Tootsi wind farm being constructed nearby, Enefit Green will invest a total of nearly 350 million euros in the Sopi-Tootsi renewable energy area. The expected combined annual production of the wind and solar farms to be built in the Sopi-Tootsi renewable energy area is 754 GWh, which covers about 9% of the total electricity consumption in Estonia.

In order to increase the revenue certainty of the investment, Enefit Green is also concluding a contract for the sale of electricity for a part of the expected production, which will be an addition to the already concluded electricity sales contracts supporting the construction of the Sopi-Tootsi wind farm.
https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/news/e ... olar-farm/

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 08 nov. 2023, 19:21

L’Estonie s’apprête à lancer des enchères pour deux zones d’éolien en mer

Publié le 08/11/2023 lemarin

Avec sept candidats en compétition sur les deux zones dédiées à l’éolien en mer de Liivi 1 et Liivi 2, dans le golfe de Riga, en Estonie, l’autorité nationale de protection des consommateurs (CPTRA) s’en est remis à la réglementation qui prévoit l’obligation d’enchères pour l’attribution de ces secteurs.

Le montant des mises à prix pour les deux zones dédiées à l’éolien en mer a été fixé à 1,16 et un peu plus de 1,7 million d’euros.
https://lemarin.ouest-france.fr/secteur ... -mer-49530

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 17 déc. 2023, 22:38

suite du post au dessus.
CIP and Ignitis Renewables wins Estonia’s first offshore wind energy tender

December 13, 2023 evwind

CIP and Ignitis Renewables wins Estonia’s first offshore wind energy tender

International green energy company Ignitis Renewables and Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners (CIP) through its Growth Markets Fund II are the winners of the auction-based competitive tender for development of an offshore wind farm in the Liivi 2 sea area in Estonia, having placed the highest bid in the amount of EUR 1.7 million.
The maritime area for the offshore wind farm is located northwest of Ruhnu Island, near Estonia’s Baltic Sea coast, covering approximately 115 square kilometres, with a total capacity of up to 1.4 gigawatts (GW) is expected to become operational post-2030.

.......................
https://www.evwind.es/2023/12/13/cip-an ... nder/95407

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 25 févr. 2024, 10:59

Depuis l’invasion russe de l’Ukraine, l’Estonie plus que jamais sur le qui-vive

Article de Étienne BOUCHE 24 fev 2024

Soutien résolu de Kiev, l'Estonie s’estime plus que jamais exposée à une menace russe. Cet État balte redoute que son importante communauté russophone soit instrumentalisée à des fins de déstabilisation. Reportage à Narva, ville frontalière de la Russie.

"Comment doivent se comporter les habitants de Narva en cas de crise ? Fuir la ville ou rester sur place et se cacher ? Existe-t-il un plan d’assistance à la population ?" En ce 27 janvier, l’émission Studio Narva, diffusée sur ETV+, chaîne russophone de l’audiovisuel public estonien, démarre par des questions inattendues pour un samedi soir, et révélatrices de l’esprit du temps. Les téléspectateurs sont invités à voter par SMS : "En cas de situation extrême, y compris de guerre, sur qui allez-vous compter : sur l’État ou sur vous-même ?"

................................
lire https://www.msn.com/fr-fr/actualite/mon ... e5f&ei=101

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Re: Estonie

Message par energy_isere » 25 févr. 2024, 11:28

le mix electrique en Estonie en 2022

Image

source IEA https://www.iea.org/countries/estonia

le solaire n' a décollé qu'en 2018-2019. Le chiffre va donc monter à l'avenir.

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