Terres rares : Exploration et production miniére

Discussions traitant de l'impact du pic pétrolier sur l'économie.

Modérateurs : Rod, Modérateurs

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 09 févr. 2020, 14:00

Les USA ont augmenté de 44% leur production de terres rares en 2019 comparé à 2018
The domestic production of critical rare-earth mineral concentrates increased by 8,000 metric tons (over 44%) in 2019 to 26,000 metric tonnes, making the US the largest producer of rare earth mineral concentrates outside of China.
https://www.mining.com/us-production-of ... 19-report/

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 22 févr. 2020, 11:37

Angola : Pensana veut transformer en aval le concentré de terres rares produit à Longonjo

Agence Ecofin 20 fev 2020

Pensana Rare Earths a lancé une étude pour évaluer la viabilité d’une transformation locale du concentré de terres rares produit à son projet angolais Longonjo. L’objectif est de produire du carbonate de néodyme et de praséodyme (NdPr) qui sera exporté pour accroître les bénéfices du projet.

Selon les premières évaluations, la transformation en aval de 50 000 tonnes par an de concentré de terres rares devrait faire passer les dépenses en capital du projet de 131 millions $ à près de 200 millions $. La compagnie espère rentabiliser l’opération grâce aux nombreux potentiels clients qui ont déjà affiché leur intérêt aussi bien en Asie qu’en Europe (Chine, Corée, Japon, Allemagne ou encore Royaume-Uni).

Avec des infrastructures (ferroviaires, électriques, portuaires) déjà disponibles, Longonjo est l’un des plus grands, riches et prometteurs projets de terres rares au monde. Pensana réalise une étude de faisabilité définitive pour affiner les estimations actuelles qui indiquent que le projet pourrait produire 60 000 tonnes/an de concentré de terres rares, dont 4 600 tonnes de NdPr, sur une durée de vie de 9 ans.
https://www.agenceecofin.com/terres-rar ... a-longonjo

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 21 mars 2020, 09:02

Suite du post au dessus.
Angola : Pensana veut prolonger la durée de vie du projet de terres rares Longonjo

Agence Ecofin 17 mars 2020

Les estimations de ressources minérales du projet de terres rares angolais Longonjo pourraient être revues à la hausse. La compagnie opérant sur le site, Pensana Metals, a publié lundi de nouveaux résultats de forages avec des intersections à haute teneur provenant d’une nouvelle zone de minéralisation, évoquant la possibilité d’une extension de la durée de vie de la mine.

Les intersections comprennent celle de 14 m titrant 5,85 % d’oxyde de terres rares (REO), dont 4 m à une teneur de 1,07 % de néodyme et praséodyme (NdPr). En outre, une autre porte sur 36 m titrant 6,74 % de REO, dont 16 m à une teneur de 1,10 % de NdPr.

« Ces résultats de forage à haute teneur proviennent de bien au-delà des limites actuelles du puits minier et suggèrent une potentielle extension de la durée de vie de la mine », a commenté Dave Hammond, chef de l’exploitation chez Pensana.

Selon les estimations de l’étude de préfaisabilité publiée en novembre dernier, il faudrait un capital initial de 131 millions de dollars pour développer le projet Longonjo. La mine devrait produire une moyenne de concentré de 60 000 tonnes/an sur une durée de vie de 9 ans, dont 4 600 tonnes de néodyme et praséodyme.
https://www.agenceecofin.com/terres-rar ... s-longonjo

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 18 avr. 2020, 10:26

suite de ce post du 6 juillet 2019 Burundi : viewtopic.php?f=15&t=9410&p=2284990&hil ... s#p2284990
Burundi : exportations en hausse pour Rainbow Rare Earths en mars

Agence Ecofin 16 avril 2020

La compagnie minière Rainbow Rare Earths, active sur la mine burundaise Gakara, a exporté 100 tonnes de concentré de terres rares en mars en hausse par rapport aux 75 tonnes de février.

Dans une déclaration publiée cette semaine, la société a indiqué qu’au Burundi, l’impact de la pandémie de coronavirus s’est limité à la fermeture des frontières et aéroports, mais que l’importation et l’exportation de marchandises continuent d’être autorisées via la frontière terrestre avec la Tanzanie.

Les opérations ont pu donc se poursuivre presque normalement à la mine Gakara avec une production régulière depuis décembre et une croissance attendue en avril.

Pour rappel, Rainbow Rare Earths est pour le moment le seul producteur de terres rares en Afrique. En dehors de sa mine Gakara, elle possède un ensemble de dix titres miniers couvrant 12,6 km² pour l’exploration au nord du Zimbabwe.
https://www.agenceecofin.com/terres-rar ... hs-en-mars

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 25 avr. 2020, 10:02

suite de ce post du 1er fev 2020 viewtopic.php?p=2295350#p2295350

En Namibie, site de Lofdal, les forages d'exploration se poursuivent. l' Area4 est riche en Dysprosium sur une grosse épaisseur.
Namibia Critical Metals: Japanese breakthrough for Lofdal

Apr 24, 2020

The attraction of Lofdal

While the heavy rare earths mineralisation has been mapped on a district scale on the Lofdal tenement, Namibia Critical Metals’ primary focus for now is the Area 4 deposit, which has an estimated 2.88 Mt of indicated mineral resources at a grade of 0.32% TREO (total rare earth oxide), yielding 9 230 t of REO (rare earths oxide), of which 7 050 t are estimated to be heavy rare earth oxides (HREO).

Area 4 further includes an additional 3.28 Mt of inferred mineral resources at a grade of 0.27% TREO, yielding 8 970 t of REO, of which 6 700 t are estimated to be HREO.

Ellmies highlights that the mineralisation is dominated specifically by the mineral xenotime (containing dysprosium), a heavy rare earth mineral which is relatively simple to process.

Lofdal is one of only two known significant heavy rare earth deposits with simple mineralogy, grade and tonnage potential outside of China, the other located in Australia. About two thirds of the value of the resource is tied to dysprosium.


Japan currently consumes about 9% of global dysprosium production, and is the largest user after China which according to Ellmies is under pressure to cut production from illegal ionic clay mining operations.

This may place constraint on supply and further enhance Lofdal’s economic attractiveness. Dysprosium is a key metal in the production of “super magnets” for electric vehicles and wind turbines, so the offtake opportunities at Lofdal are widespread.

“In addition to the high value HREO enrichment, Lofdal’s Area 4 benefits from a simple geometry, with the current resource extending from surface to at least a depth of 125 – 225 m.

“Our next phase of drilling is now planned to a depth of 300 m (investigations into the operation’s underground potential is also on the cards), being the lowest hanging fruit in terms of increasing our resource numbers.”

“Our new partner clearly sees the bigger potential in the Lofdal district, considering the Area 4 dysprosium deposit is just the beginning. Our exploration activities to date have confirmed the upside potential in the wider Lofdal district to significantly increase the resource, having already defined a few areas where mineralisation has both grade and size,” Ellmies outlines.
............
https://www.miningreview.com/speciality ... or-lofdal/

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 09 mai 2020, 00:35

En relation avec ce post du 21 mars 2020 viewtopic.php?p=2297887#p2297887
Angola : le gouvernement délivre à Pensana une nouvelle licence d’exploration de terres rares

Agence Ecofin 5 Mai 2020

Les bonnes nouvelles s’enchainent pour Pensana Rare Earths. Une semaine après avoir obtenu un permis d’exploitation minière pour son projet Longonjo, la compagnie s’est vue octroyer une nouvelle licence d’exploration pour les terres rares en Angola.

Il s’agit du projet Coola qui s’étend sur une superficie de 7 456 km², à seulement 16 km de son projet majeur Longonjo. Il hébergerait d’importantes réserves de néodyme et de praséodyme (NdPr), ainsi que 10 autres complexes présentant des minéralisations susceptibles de renfermer d’autres terres rares.

« Les complexes de carbonatite de Coola et de Monte Verde sont de taille similaire à ceux de Longonjo et ont été identifiés comme étant riches en minéralisation NdPr. Nous sommes impatients de démarrer la première phase d’exploration de ces nouvelles cibles », a commenté Dave Hammond, directeur de l’exploitation de Pensana.

Rappelons que selon les estimations actuelles, le projet Longonjo pourrait produire annuellement 60 000 tonnes de concentré de terres rares, dont 4 600 tonnes de néodyme et de praséodyme, sur une durée de vie de 9 ans.
https://www.agenceecofin.com/terres-rar ... rres-rares

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 31 mai 2020, 10:57

suite de ce post du 22 dec 2019 viewtopic.php?p=2293580#p2293580

succés de la ligne pilote d'extraction de terres rares de USA Rare Earth
USA Rare Earth finishes Phase 1 testing for Texas project

MINING.com Editor | May 26, 2020

USA Rare Earth, the funding and development partner of the Round Top Heavy Rare Earth project in West Texas, together with Texas Mineral Resources, announced Tuesday that it has successfully completed its Phase I bench scale testing at Inventure Renewables laboratory in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

USA Rare Earth, which has ambitious plans to establish a domestic rare earths supply chain, is also purchasing the equipment necessary to build the only rare earth magnet production facility in the Americas.

This milestone, it said, demonstrates the ability to load and concentrate rare earths (REE’s) in the presence of high concentrations of non-REEs, including other critical minerals like lithium.

“This is an important step towards USA Rare Earth’s objective to build the first rare earth and critical minerals processing facility outside China and to bring the Round Top project into full commercial production,” said Pini Althaus, CEO of USA Rare Earth in a media release.

These results provide the baseline for initiating the Pilot Plant operation at USA Rare Earth’s rare earth and critical minerals processing facility in Wheat Ridge, Colorado.

The first of three Continuous Ion Exchange (CIX) Pilot Plant units was delivered in early March and is planned to be commissioned in early June as covid-19 related travel restrictions are relaxed, the company said.

[/quote)]

https://www.mining.com/usa-rare-earth-f ... s-project/

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 14 juin 2020, 12:01

Un intéressant prospect de Terres rares au Canada, le projet Alces Lake dans le Saskatchewan.
Une campagne de carottage va commencer cet été.
Appia to drill at world’s 2nd richest rare earth prospect

Amanda Stutt | June 12, 2020

........

Canadian uranium explorer Appia Energy (CSE: API) has made a discovery at its 100% owned, 14,334 – hectare Alces Lake property in Saskatchewan that could fill the gap in the North American rare earths markets.

Alces Lake is located north of Lake Athabasca and the Athabasca Basin, about 34 km east of Uranium City and 135 km west of Stony Rapids.

The deposit, according to the company, hosts some of the highest rare earth elements (REE) mineralization in the world, hosted within a number of surface and near surface occurrences that remain open at depth and along strike. At a 4 wt% total rare earth oxide cutoff, Alces Lake average grade is 16.65 wt% Total Rare Earth Oxides (TREO).

“Of global rare earths deposits, Alces Lake has the potential to be no. 2 in terms of grade, it’s one of the richest prospects in the world,” Tom Drivas, CEO, Appia Energy told MINING.COM.

“Our project contains one mineral, which is monazite. With monazite, the processing is well known, we don’t think there will be any challenges with extracting and processing the rare earths – with 99-100% monazite – it makes it simple,” Drivas said.

The monazite, Drivas said, is enriched in valuable critical rare earth elements, namely neodymium, praseodymium, dysprosium, and terbium. These four elements account for between 23-25% of the TREO, or ~85% of the potential value at Alces Lake.

At a 16 wt% average grade, Alces Lake grades well above what is required to make the project viable economically, Drivas said.

“To have a successful rare earths project, you need to have the right mix of rare earths, and what we have here is the praseodymium, which is the critical rare earths, about 25% of those could represent 80-85% of the deposit.”

“You need to be in the right environment, and unless you’re in the right jurisdiction you won’t be able to explore or mine,” he said.

Appia will also have the ability to process – the Saskatchewan Research Council has a pilot plant where the company can process up to 2,000 tonnes a year.

“At Alces Lake, the number of zones surface and sub surface, about 20 metres from surface, contain up to 80-85% monazite. This is unheard of in the industry – it is exciting,” Drivas said.

Appia is launching its summer exploration drilling program in June- July, piggybacking on existing permits – and with all necessary applications in the pipeline.

“We think Alces Lake could supply Canada and North America in terms of rare earths feed,” Drivas said. “We’d like to get to the initial resource, and move to the next level as soon as possible. ”
https://www.mining.com/appia-to-drill-a ... -prospect/

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 15 juin 2020, 20:44

Suite de 2 posts au dessus.

L'usine pilote de séparation de terres rares de Rare Earth aux USA est officiellement mise en service.
U.S. Strengthens Its Rare Earth Supply Chain With New Processing Plant

USA Rare Earth, the funding and development partner of the Round Top heavy rare earth project and Texas Mineral Resources announced Thursday that its rare earths pilot plant processing facility in Wheat Ridge, Colorado has received the required permits and officially opened.

Once fully commissioned, the plant will be focused on group separation of rare earths into heavy (dysprosium, terbium), middle, and light (neodymium, praseodymium) rare earths (REE’s) and will be the first facility to separate the full range of rare earth elements in the US since 1999.

USA Rare Earth’s pilot plant is the second link in a 100% US-based rare earth oxide supply chain, drawing on feedstock from its Round Top deposit.

The final phase of the pilot work will be the further separation of high-purity individual REE compounds. The pilot plant will also be focused on the recovery of non-REEs focusing on lithium, uranium, beryllium, gallium, zirconium, hafnium, and aluminum, all of which are on the US Government Critical Minerals List.

Confirming the recovery of these critical non-REEs will support upgrading the measured and indicated resources to proven and probable reserves (with no in-fill drilling required), and completion of the Preliminary Feasibility Study (PFS) for the Round Top project, the company said.

“Establishing an independent domestic rare earth and critical minerals supply chain is monumental for USA Rare Earth and for the United States, overcoming reliance on China for materials and processing that are essential for defense applications and advanced technology manufacturing,” said Pini Althaus, USA Rare Earth CEO.

Althaus also said the opening is another step forward for USA Rare Earth’s objective to build the first rare earth and critical minerals processing facility outside China and to bring the Round Top project into full commercial production – which they estimate to be in 30 months.
https://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-Gene ... Plant.html

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

[Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 19 juil. 2020, 10:52

Suite de ce post du 29 juin 2017 viewtopic.php?p=2258654#p2258654

Des nouvelles de Mountain Pass.
Il semble donc que l'activité va redémarrer avec la construction d'usine de raffinage local. (au lieu d'envoyer le minerai être raffiné en Chine !)
US rare earth miner to be listed on NYSE in $1.5bn deal

By Matthew Hall 16 JULY 2020

Image
The Mountain Pass mine in California is the only rare earths mine in the US. Image credit: MP Materials.

US rare earths miner MP Materials has announced that it will go public on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) by merging with Fortress Value Acquisition Corp. (FVAC), a special-purpose acquisition corporation, in a $1.47bn deal.

The NYSE listing would be the first for a US rare earths miner in a decade. Molycorp went public in 2010 before filing for bankruptcy in 2015, with MP Materials buying the Mountain Pass mine and other Molycorp assets in 2017.

Understanding the deal

The merger and listing on NYSE will underscore the desire for the US to boost domestic production of rare earths, which are used across a variety of industries, being critical components in rechargeable batteries for electric vehicles, computers and smartphones, and more. Some rare earth minerals are essential in military equipment, from jet engines to missile guidance systems, missile defence systems, and satellites. The US currently relies heavily on China for its supply of rare earths – a reliance the US government has been keen to reduce, as escalating tensions between the two superpowers spark fears that China could use its dominance in rare earths as leverage in a heightened trade war.

China accounts for over 95% of the world’s production of rare earths, giving it the ability to place US industry and defence in a stranglehold, should it choose. It’s been a significant concern for President Trump’s administration, who have sought avenues to boost domestic production of rare earths. In 2019, the US Commerce Department recommended the US should take urgent steps to boost domestic rare earth production, and recommend stockpiling as a short-term measure, combined with longer-term measures to explore, develop and process more rare earth minerals.
MP Material’s Mountain Pass mine in California is the only operating rare earths mine in the US and has been the subject of much interest from the federal government for that reason. The listing will be a boon to the US government and US industry as a major step in reducing the reliance on China for rare earths.

MP Materials will net around $489m from the merger and a separate stock offering with other investors. The company will use the funds to upgrade outdated processing equipment at Mountain Pass, which has held over from the Molycorp era. Currently, MP Material’s lack of processing equipment means it has to ship over 50,000 tonnes of concentrated rare earths to China each year for processing.

Executives comment on the deal

Commenting on the merger, FVAC CEO Drew McKnight said: “We believe MP Materials is a compelling opportunity to invest in an irreplaceable, world‐class asset at a point in time when demand from electric vehicles, wind turbines, and other technologies is hitting an inflexion point, and while the need to find a reliable and resilient source for rare earths is crucial for the US and global supply chain.” McKnight will serve as a member of MP Materials’ Board following the deal.

MP Materials co-chair James Litinsky said: “This business combination and becoming a public company is a key milestone in MP Materials’ mission to restore the full rare earth supply chain to the United States of America. Drew and the Fortress team share our vision that having a Western champion in rare-earth magnetics is essential for the onshoring of jobs, national security, and a carbon‐reduced future. To achieve our mission, we must be economically competitive and hold ourselves to the highest standards for the benefit of our investors, employees, communities, country, and the environment.”

Mountain Pass overview

In the Californian desert sits the only rare earths mine in the US – no other rare earth operation has broken ground in the country. Mountain Pass has a long history, discovered in 1949 and owned by The Molybdenum Corporation of America – later Molycorp – for most of its history. Between 1965 and 1995, Mountain Pass supplied most of the rare earths consumption worldwide.

MP Materials, a venture majority-owned by two US companies, acquired the mine after Molycorp declared bankruptcy. A Chinese holding company, Shenghe Resources Holding, maintains a 10% stake in MP Materials, which has been a cause of concern for US government officials looking to use Mountain Pass as the starting point of US rare earths operations. In 2019, following the decision by the Chinese government to double import duties on rare earth concentrates to 25%, MP Materials said it would start its own domestic processing operation.
https://www.mining-technology.com/deals ... -5bn-deal/

Et sur mining.com :
.......
MP had planned to process 5,000 tonnes per year of the two most common rare earth metals by the end of 2020, though the goal is now by 2022, the company said on Wednesday.

MP is by far the most advanced player in the U.S. rare earths industry, given no rival project has even broken ground. But the company has to ship more than 50,000 tonnes of concentrated rare earths per year to China for final processing because its California equipment is not operational. Chinese customers account for all of MP’s $100 million in annual revenue.

MP relied on Chinese expertise to resume operations at its California site after buying it in 2017, according to Jim Litinsky, the company’s co-chairman.
.......
https://www.mining.com/web/mp-materials ... spac-deal/

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 25 juil. 2020, 10:49

Suite de ce post du 9 mai 2020 viewtopic.php?p=2303260#p2303260
Le projet de terres rares Longonjo en Angola se rapproche davantage de l’entrée en production. Le groupe chinois CGWIC a conclu un protocole d’accord avec Pensana aux termes duquel il s’engage à apporter la majeure partie du financement nécessaire, tout en pilotant les travaux de construction.

Ecofin 22 juillet 2020

En Angola, le projet de terres rares Longonjo entre dans les dernières phases de son développement. Son propriétaire, la compagnie minière Pensana Rare Earths, a en effet conclu avec l’entreprise chinoise China Great Wall Industry Corporation (CGWIC), un protocole d’accord pour le financement, l’ingénierie, l’approvisionnement en équipements et les travaux de construction du projet.

Selon les termes énoncés, CGWIC s’engage à apporter environ 85 % du financement nécessaire aux divers travaux par le biais d’un emprunt auprès de banques commerciales implantées en Chine. Cet emprunt remboursable au bout de 8 ou 10 ans sera ensuite complété par un financement sur fonds propres de Pensana. Notons que cet accord assure un développement rapide du projet grâce à la gestion par un seul partenaire, de toutes les étapes précédant l’entrée en production.

Rappelons que selon les estimations actuelles, il faudra 131 millions $ pour boucler la construction du projet Longonjo, avec à la clé une production moyenne de 60 000 tonnes de concentré de terres rares sur 9 ans.
https://www.agenceecofin.com/terres-rar ... t-longonjo

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 09 août 2020, 12:36

Le US Department of Defense va subventionner Lynas pour construire une usine de séparation de terres rares au Texas à partir de minerai de la mine de Mount Weld en Australie.
Boost for US rare earths as Lynas signs contract for separation facility

By Matthew Hall 29 July 2020

Australian rare earths miner Lynas announced this week that it has signed a contract with the US Department of Defense (DoD) to begin initial work on a heavy rare earth separation facility in Texas.


The project is being funded by the Pentagon as part of the DoD’s desire to boost domestic production of rare earths. China currently dominates the production and export of these materials, and there are fears that escalating tensions between the superpowers could lead to China cutting off the US supply. Rare earths are critical components across several industries, from electric vehicles to smartphones, but the DoD is particularly concerned with securing a reliable supply of rare earths for military equipment. Rare earths are vital for satellites, missile guidance systems, missile defence systems and more – it is in this area that the US government is keen to diminish the reliance on China.

The Texas facility will process heavy rare earths sourced from the Lynas mine in Mt Weld, Western Australia, and will be the only source of separate heavy rare earths outside of China. It is a much-needed strategic boon to the US, which has ramped up its search for rare earth mines and processing capabilities outside of China.

This initial Phase 1 funding will allow Lynas and its US partner Blue Line to complete a market and strategy study for the construction as well as planning and design work. Lynas expects work on the facility to be completed in the 2021 financial year.

Domestic rare earth production

From the perspective of the US, China controls too much of the global rare earths production, and not only does this give China an economic leg up when it comes to new technologies and sustainable energy, but it also poses a potential defence risk if the US-China trade war continues to escalate. Rare earth minerals have uses across nuclear energy in addition to their use in military equipment and weapons. According to Reuters, a DoD review found that funding rare earth projects was in the best interest of the US government.

The Pentagon has so far funded two projects, Lynas’ separation facility being one, with MP Materials being the other company that the federal government has taken an interest in. MP Materials owns the only rare earths mine in the US, Mountain Pass in California, but rare earths mined there are currently sent to China for processing due to outdated processing facilities at the site. MP Materials recently announced that it will be going public on the New York Stock Exchange, in a deal worth $1.47bn.

Renovating the processing facilities at Mountain Pass and constructing a new Lynas facility in Texas, will both serve to massively bolster the US’s ability to produce its own supply of rare earths. Not only will this reduce the US reliance on China’s rare earths, but the country might also be able to pull other countries away from China too, weakening the rival superpower’s grip on the rest of the world. Several US Senators have pushed for the Pentagon to fund only domestic rare earth projects, which perhaps indicates a desire not just to strengthen the US position against China but to increase the country’s influence on the world stage.
https://www.mining-technology.com/featu ... -contract/

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 15 août 2020, 17:14

La Russie producteur de terre rares d'ici 10 ans ?
Russia looks for $1.5bn to up rare earth mineral production
The Russian government has stated its ambition to be the largest rare earth mineral producer after China by 2030


Jonathan Campion Aug 13, 2020

China is currently responsible for 63% of global rare earths production, and 37% of the world’s total reserves. Russia is one of many countries trying to wean itself off Chinese minerals, which are predominantly used in the communications, defence and energy industries.

By comparison, Russia only accounts for 1.3% of global production, and owns 10% of global rare earth mineral reserves, equivalent to 12 million tonnes.

The Russian government is supportive of foreign investment to increase the country’s share in the industry, and is offering investors cheaper loans and reduced mining taxes in order to facilitate this. Eleven projects throughout Russia have already been identified; these ventures will require $1.5bn (£1.15bn).
https://www.miningglobal.com/supply-cha ... production

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 29 août 2020, 00:10

Le Canada va construire une usine de raffinage de terres rares.
Canada Set To Build $23 Million Rare Earth Plant
By MINING.com - Aug 28, 2020, 12:30 PM CDT

Canada will have rare earth processing plant in operation by the end of 2022 as the province of Saskatchewan has committed C$31 million (about $24m) to build the facility, which aims at boosting domestic supply of the key ingredients for military weapons, electric vehicles and smartphones.

The process of turning rare earth elements (REE) ore into individual products is done in two main stages. The first is the concentration of ore to mixed REE Carbonate. The second is the more complex separation stage that converts the mixed REE Carbonate to commercial pure-grade REEs. The facility, owned and operated by the Saskatchewan Research Council (SRC), will address both stages of REE processing.

.......
https://oilprice.com/Latest-Energy-News ... Plant.html

Avatar de l’utilisateur
energy_isere
Modérateur
Modérateur
Messages : 89517
Inscription : 24 avr. 2005, 21:26
Localisation : Les JO de 68, c'était la
Contact :

Re: [Véhicule électrique] la question des métaux rares

Message par energy_isere » 04 oct. 2020, 14:12

Trump juste avant d'avoir le covid avait signé un '' executive order'' ou décret présidentiel pour
Trump issues new order to spur rare earths mining

Cecilia Jamasmie | October 1, 2020

US President Donald Trump has signed an executive order declaring a national emergency in the mining industry, a move that seeks to curb the country’s reliance on rare earths in his latest bid to end China’s control of the market.

The directive, issued late Wednesday night, asks the Interior Department to explore using the 70-year-old Defense Production Act to speed up mine development.

It also calls for a report evaluating possible measures such as tariffs, quotas, or other trade restrictions targeting China and “other non-market foreign adversaries.”

Local rare earth miners hailed the move. Pini Althaus, chief executive of USA Rare Earth, said it was “an important step toward ensuring the US is free from price manipulation and other aggressive economic maneuvers”.

Critical minerals have been a focus of the Trump administration. The White House has signed agreements with Canada and Australia, among other nations, to secure supply of minerals needed for a range of modern life’s aspects, including electric vehicles (EVs), green technologies and military applications.

Last year, the White House ordered the Defense Department to boost production of rare-earth magnets used in consumer electronics, military hardware and medical research, amid concerns China would restrict exports of the products as trade tensions between the countries grew.

The US is not alone in its quest to reduce reliance on foreign producers. In September, the European Union stepped up its efforts to become less dependent on imported raw materials, including rare earths and, for the first time, lithium.
https://www.mining.com/trump-issues-new ... hs-mining/

80 % des terres rares utilisées aux USA viennent de Chine, suivi de l'Estonie avec 6%.

Répondre