Le Cuivre

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(plus de 9 000 $ la tonne au 15 mars)

J'avais pas réalisé que le cuivre s'approchait de son record historique (~$9'700 en 2011). Son prix a doublé en une année ($4'700 en mars 2020). Bon, tous les marchés avaient fondu à cette date, mais le cuivre était à $6'000 en janvier 2020.

le cuivre est souvent un précurseur des bulles sur les matières premières, on est en train de revivre la situation de 2007-2008.

Pas sur pour une bulle. La montée en production des véhicules électrique et des éoliennes va demander beaucoup de Cuivre.

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Des images intéressantes du raffinage électrolytique du Cuivre chez Codelco :






SX-EW processing at Chuquicamata mine in Chile. Source: Codelco

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Une grosse usine de fabrication de concentré de Cuivre va être construite en Indonésie à Weda Bay. Cout de 2.8 milliards de dollars !

Freeport, Tsingshan finalising $2.8bn copper smelter next week

Reuters | March 24, 2021

Freeport-McMoRan Inc will sign a $2.8 billion deal with China’s Tsingshan Holding Group on March 31 to build a copper smelter in Indonesia’s Weda Bay, senior minister Luhut Panjaitan said on Wednesday.

The smelter will have an input capacity of 2.4 million tonnes of copper concentrate and an output capacity of 600,000 tonnes, a slide presented by Luhut at a live broadcast on CNBC Indonesia showed.

“This will be part of the lithium battery production that we plan to do in 2023,” he added.

Luhut said last month that the smelter will produce copper pipes and wires of which output can be worth $10 billion or more.

Indonesia is trying to attract more investments from battery and car companies to take advantage of the country’s rich nickel ore resource, an important component in batteries used in electric vehicles.

Tsingshan did not immediately respond when contacted by Reuters.

https://www.mining.com/web/freeport-tsi ... -minister/

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Un vieux documentaire de 1954 sur la fabrication du Cuivre et ses alliages. Ca semble être filmé aux USA.



https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=al ... &FORM=VIRE

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Une vidéo de 8 mn sur une usine de recyclage/traitement de concentré de Cuivre issu de récupération, au Canada, la fonderie Horne. Ils traitent 700 000 tonnes de concentré par an. Usine de classe mondiale.
Les concentrés viennent aussi de concentré issus de mines de Cuivre du Canada ou d'autres pays.

https://youtu.be/i3_9v2GOicE



leur site web : https://www.fonderiehorne.ca/fr/apropos ... /home.aspx
600 employés

ils font maintenant partie du groupe Glencore. La boite aura 100 ans l' an prochain.



Historiquement ca à été crée pour traiter le minerai de cuivre et métaux précieux de la mine de Horne au Canada dés les années 1920 jusqu' à sa fermeture en 1976.

Production totale de la mine Horne de 1926 à 1976 :

53,7 millions de tonnes métriques de minerai
1,131 million de tonnes métriques de cuivre
325 240 kg d'or
693 600 kg d'argent ​

1984 Construction et mise en opération du circuit de recyclage des matières électroniques

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Afrique du Sud : le projet Okiep héberge 11,5 millions de tonnes de ressources de cuivre

Agence Ecofin 30 mars 2021

En février 2021, Orion Minerals a conclu un accord lui permettant d’exercer un droit de préemption sur le complexe de cuivre d’Okiep, en Afrique du Sud. Les premiers résultats des travaux effectués confirment la valeur du site, qui a déjà produit par le passé plus de 2 millions de tonnes de cuivre.

La compagnie minière Orion Minerals a annoncé lundi 29 mars une augmentation des ressources minérales du projet de cuivre Okiep, en Afrique du Sud. Selon les nouvelles estimations, le projet hébergerait 11,5 millions de tonnes de ressources cuprifères, titrant 1,4 % de cuivre.

Cette évaluation du potentiel du projet intervient alors que la compagnie mène des travaux de diligence raisonnable sur le site depuis mi-février. Son objectif était de définir des ressources inférées pour trois nouveaux gisements dans la zone de permis, chaque gisement représentant une opportunité d’exploitation à ciel ouvert.

Pour le PDG Errol Smart, c’est un résultat très positif pour la compagnie, en cela qu’il lui fournit une preuve supplémentaire de la « valeur exceptionnelle » du projet. Rappelons qu’Orion Minerals a conclu début février pour 25 millions de rands un accord d’option avec O’Okiep Copper Company (OCC). L’accord lui offre six mois pour mener des travaux et évaluer le potentiel du complexe d’Okiep, délai à la suite duquel la société pourra exercer son option pour acquérir le projet.

Déjà pleinement engagée dans le développement de son actif phare, le projet de cuivre et zinc Prieska, Orion Minerals a l’opportunité d’élargir son empreinte en Afrique du Sud en se positionnant sur un site intéressant. Okiep a déjà produit par le passé plus de 2 millions de tonnes de cuivre.

https://www.agenceecofin.com/cuivre/300 ... -de-cuivre

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Projet de nouvelle raffinerie de Cuivre en Inde de 500 000 t par an.
La raffinerie de cuivre de Tuticorin de 400 000 t par an est à l' arrét par décision de justice depuis 2018.

Vedanta plans to build a new $1.4bn copper plant

Bloomberg News | March 31, 2021

Anil Agarwal’s Vedanta Ltd. is scouting for locations to set up a new copper smelter in India as its plant in the southern state of Tamil Nadu has remained shuttered for close to three years.

The Mumbai-based company is seeking expressions of interest from state governments of coastal Indian states to partner with it for setting up a 500,000 tons-a-year copper smelter complex at a potential investment of around 100 billion rupees ($1.4 billion), it said in a newspaper advertisement. The project will require about 1,000 acres (4.0469 square kilometers) of land close to a port along with logistics connectivity, it said.

SIGN UP FOR THE COPPER DIGEST

Vedanta has fought multiple court battles to restart production at its 400,000 tons copper factory in Tuticorin. The plant has been closed since 2018 on orders from the state government after more than a dozen people were shot dead by the police while protesting against pollution from the facility. A fresh plea to restart the smelter is pending in India’s top court.




Agarwal’s move comes as copper prices rallied to a nine-year high in February on expectations of higher demand due to a global economic recovery and green initiatives. While the rally has faltered in recent weeks on rising inventories and renewed coronavirus lockdowns in Europe, the additional capacity would ease India’s trade expenditure and improve supplies locally.

“India’s copper requirements are set to grow exponentially in the coming years,” Vedanta said in an emailed statement. “Having ample supplies of copper is critical to ensuring successful implementation of new-gen technologies such as electric vehicles, rapid automated transport and clean energy.”

Vedanta’s Tuticorin smelter closure cut India’s copper output by almost half, turning the country into a net importer of the metal. In the first two years of the shutdown, refined copper imports rose more than three times to 151,964 tons in the financial year ended March 2020, while exports slumped 90% to 36,959 tons, according to a government statement.

https://www.mining.com/web/vedanta-plan ... per-plant/

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The metals of antiquity – copper

Rob Tyson - Mining International Ltd. | March 30, 2021

We know our ancient forebears were mining and producing gold objects as early as 4,600BC. The ancient gravesite at Varna Necropolis in Bulgaria, where around 3,000 gold objects were found, dates back to 4,600 – 4,200 BC. Our association with copper though goes back even further. A small copper awl found in Israel for instance has been dated to ~5,100BC. Even older (~8,700BC) is a copper pendant uncovered in the region that is now part of northern Iraq. So, it seems on current evidence that we figured out how to extract native copper from its ores almost 11,000 years ago, well before any of the other native metals associated with prehistoric civilisations were in use.
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Long article à lire ici : https://www.mining.com/the-metals-of-antiquity-copper/

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suite de ce post du 21 mars 2021 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 7#p2315927

Ivanhoe to accelerate Phase 3 expansion at Kamoa-Kakula copper mine

MINING.COM Staff Writer | March 30, 2021


Kamoa-Kakula’s Phase 1, 3.8-Mtpa concentrator and foundations for the Phase 2 concentrator. (Image courtesy of Ivanhoe Mines).

Ivanhoe Mines (TSX: IVN) announced that part of the proceeds from the recently completed $575 million, 2.50% convertible senior notes offering will be used to accelerate the Phase 3 expansion at the Kamoa-Kakula copper mine in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

According to the company, fast-tracking additional hydropower upgrades in the DRC is also a high-priority opportunity to ensure clean and renewable electricity for all subsequent expansions at Kamoa-Kakula.

SIGN UP FOR THE COPPER DIGEST
“The company will now look to further increase production at our Kamoa-Kakula copper joint-venture, and to accelerate the Phase 3 concentrator expansion from 7.6 million tonnes per annum to 11.4 million tonnes per annum,” co-chairman Robert Friedland said in a media statement.

“Together with our partner Zijin Mining, we have already accelerated the Phase 2 expansion to begin production in Q3 2022 and bring copper production to approximately 400,000 tonnes, or approximately 880 million pounds, per year.”

Friedland said that the Phase 3 expansion would bring copper production at Kamoa-Kakula up to approximately 530,000 tonnes, or approximately 1.2 billion pounds per year.

“Our company is about to make the long-fought transition from an explorer and developer to becoming a major diversified mining company,” Friedland said. “It has been a remarkable journey for Kamoa-Kakula and Platreef; to grow from grassroots discoveries to imminently joining the ranks of the world’s largest producers of copper, platinum-group metals and nickel.”

At present, Kamoa-Kakula’s Phase 1, 3.8-Mtpa concentrator is nearing completion, with the civil works for the second 3.8-Mtpa concentrator (Phase 2) advancing rapidly. At the same time, the second stage commissioning of the Phase 1 ball mills and the concrete foundations for the second set of ball mills for the Phase 2 concentrator are underway.

Kamoa-Kakula has been independently ranked as the world’s fourth-largest copper deposit by Wood Mackenzie. Its updated resource estimate shows that it holds 1.4 billion indicated tonnes grading 2.74% copper for 83.7 billion pounds of copper and another 339 million inferred tonnes grading 1.68% copper for 12.5 billion pounds of copper at a 1% cut-off grade.

According to Friedland, as infrastructure projects are being completed on the property, the recently obtained funding will also be used to expand and accelerate a copper exploration program on the company’s Western Foreland exploration licenses, located in close proximity to the Kamoa-Kakula mining license.

https://www.mining.com/ivanhoe-working- ... pper-mine/

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Suite du post au dessus.

une vidéo de 4 mn sur le projet Kamoa Kakula : https://youtu.be/iGyYPaDBuMc

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une autre vidéo sur Kamoa Kakula :

https://youtu.be/8_NNzG5fnJY aller à 14 minutes

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En 2020 la production de cuivre à baissé de 0.7 % au Chili

https://www.mining-technology.com/comme ... tory-2020/

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suite de ce post du 2 mai 2020 http://www.oleocene.org/phpBB3/viewtopi ... 3#p2302473

Le chinois Zijin Copper continue d'investir dans la mine de Cuivre en Serbie rachetée en 2018 :

Serbia Zijin Copper to invest $408m in mines, smelter

Reuters | April 7, 2021

The Serbia Zijin Copper company, operator of Serbia’s sole copper complex, plans to invest $408 million in 2021, up from $360 million in 2020, to overhaul and expand its four mines and a smelter, it said on Wednesday.


The plan also includes improving environmental protection in the heavily polluted Bor region, in Serbia’s east, it said in a statement posted on its website.

The company, part of China’s Zijin Mining, said it planned to boost output of copper concentrate by 38.91% to 74,010 tonnes and cathode copper by 18% to 83,450 tonnes this year.

In 2018, Zijin Mining became Serbia’s strategic partner in the copper complex RTB Bor, pledging to invest $1.26 billion in return for a 63% stake.

In its statement, the company also said it aimed to produce 2.5 tonnes of gold and 10 tonnes of silver in 2021, an annual increase of 45.14% and 10.12% respectively.

China has invested billions of euros in Serbia, mostly in the form of soft loans to finance highway and energy projects, as part of its so-called belt and road initiative to open new foreign trade links.

https://www.mining.com/web/serbia-zijin ... s-smelter/

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Le monde a plus que jamais besoin d’investissements massifs dans le cuivre (Robert Friedland, PDG d’Ivanhoe)

Agence Ecofin 15 avril 2021

Face à l’importance croissante du cuivre à court et moyen terme, à cause de son utilisation dans la lutte contre le changement climatique, l’offre s’avère insuffisante actuellement.

Les États et l’industrie minière mondiale doivent augmenter et accélérer les investissements dans l’exploration cuprifère afin de trouver et d’extraire du cuivre. C’est l’une des principales conclusions de l’intervention de Robert Friedland (photo) lors de la conférence mondiale sur le cuivre, organisée virtuellement du 12 au 13 avril par le CRU.
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https://www.agenceecofin.com/cuivre/150 ... -d-ivanhoe

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Copper production in Chile to rise by 3.7% in 2021 — report

MINING.COM Staff Writer | April 12, 2021

Chile’s copper output is expected to grow by 3.7% to 5,957.1kt, according to data and analytics company GlobalData.

This figure is expected to reach 6,702.8kt in 2024 – posting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4%. Over 20 projects are expected to commence operations during this period, of which, seven are under construction and expected to add 641.3kt of copper production capacity.

Copper price jumped last week as investors assessed the decision by Chile to close its borders during April due to a spike in covid-19 cases.

Copper for delivery in May was down 0.78% on Monday, with futures at $4.0075 per pound ($8,816 a tonne) on the Comex market in New York.

“While the country’s mining sector avoided a full-scale lockdown as seen in neighboring Peru, operational restrictions and rising cases impacted the progress of various developments in 2020,” said Vinneth Bajaj, Associate Project Manager at GlobalData.

Codelco had to halt on-site construction activities at Chuquicamata and El Teniente last year. Teck Resources also suspended construction activities at Quebrada Blanca Phase 2 between March and August as part of covid-19 measures.

In 2020, BHP’s copper production fell by 3.9% to reach 1,680kt. The restrained growth was attributed to lower production from the Escondida mine, which reported a year-on-year (Y-o-Y) fall of 3% in Q3 2020.

https://www.mining.com/copper-productio ... 21-report/